Dr Om Lakhani

Suggests using hydrocortisone 15–25 mg or cortisone acetate 20–35 mg daily in two or three divided oral doses for adult primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) patients initiating glucocorticoid replacement. The highest dose is given upon awakening, with the second dose either early afternoon (≈2 h after lunch) or split into lunch and afternoon doses; consider total daily dose calculation based on chosen formulation and frequency.

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Recommends administering stress-dose glucocorticoids before surgery and tapering after surgery in patients with adrenal insufficiency before repeat testing. Triggers include preoperative planning for surgery in a patient with known or suspected adrenal insufficiency.

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In patients with normal preoperative adrenal function, suggests an individualized clinical approach for postoperative glucocorticoid administration until HPA axis evaluation can be performed. Triggers include managing postoperative patient with normal preoperative adrenal function needing glucocorticoid management.

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Recommends hydrocortisone replacement dosing of 15–20 mg total daily, administered as a single dose or divided doses with the highest dose given in the morning upon awakening and the second dose in the afternoon (two-dose regimen) or second and third doses at lunch and late afternoon (three-dose regimen). Use when initiating glucocorticoid replacement for adrenal insufficiency; triggers include diagnosing adrenal insufficiency requiring glucocorticoid replacement.

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Recommends measuring serum cortisol levels at 8–9 AM as the first-line test for diagnosing central adrenal insufficiency. Use when starting diagnostic workup for suspected adrenal insufficiency; triggers include suspected adrenal insufficiency requiring initial cortisol testing.

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Work a primary-prevention patient through the 2026 ACC/AHA multisociety dyslipidaemia guideline CPR framework — Calculate (10-year and 30-year PREVENT-ASCVD), Classify (low / borderline / intermediate / high), Personalize (demographic, clinical, biomarker, and reproductive risk enhancers), and Reclassify (coronary artery calcium scoring where appropriate). Use when a clinician asks how to assess ASCVD risk for primary prevention, who needs a statin, borderline risk patient what to do, intermediate risk should I start a statin, risk enhancers to look for, premature family history of ASCVD how does it change risk, pregnancy-related risk factors, PCOS and cardiovascular risk. Grounded in the 2026 ACC/AHA multisociety dyslipidaemia guideline.

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Decide when to order coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring in a primary-prevention patient and interpret the result per the 2026 ACC/AHA multisociety dyslipidaemia guideline. Covers the Class 1 indication (men ≥40 / women ≥45, borderline / intermediate PREVENT-ASCVD risk, uncertainty about LLT), CAC score interpretation (0, 1–99, 100–299, ≥300, ≥1000), how CAC modifies LDL and non-HDL goals, when to repeat CAC, and pitfalls (incidental CAC on non-cardiac CT, radiation, cost). Use when a clinician asks should I order a CAC score, CAC indications, what does CAC 150 mean, treatment goals with CAC score, repeat CAC frequency, CAC in a smoker, CAC vs CCTA, is CAC useful in intermediate risk. Grounded in the 2026 ACC/AHA multisociety dyslipidaemia guideline.

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Guide pre-endoscopy management decisions for patients on GLP-1 receptor agonists (semaglutide, tirzepatide, liraglutide etc.), deciding whether to proceed, delay, or modify the approach based on GI symptoms, fasting status, and indication. Trigger when a clinician asks about GLP-1 RA and endoscopy, semaglutide before colonoscopy, Ozempic before procedure, or whether to hold a GLP-1 agonist before endoscopy.

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Teaches AI patients about stress-dosing and emergency glucocorticoid administration; instructs to obtain emergency card/bracelet/necklace and kit with injectable high-dose GC. Triggers when counseling any patient with adrenal insufficiency (e.g., "Use when counseling patient with adrenal insufficiency...").

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Accounts for estrogen-induced elevation of total serum cortisol via increased corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) when evaluating adrenal reserve or hydrocortisone replacement adequacy. Triggered when assessing glucocorticoid adequacy in patients receiving estrogen therapy (e.g., oral estrogen replacement) or interpreting cortisol levels in estrogen-exposed individuals.

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