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Assess server-side template injection, where user input is interpreted as template code. Identify template engines, evaluate information exposure and code execution risks, and organize evidence alongside detection and prevention measures.
Identify and exploit Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerabilities within web applications. Use this skill when testing web applications that render dynamic content using template engines like Jinja2 (Python), Twig (PHP), Freemarker (Java), or Pug (Node.js). Covers identification via mathematical evaluation, context mapping, escaping sandboxes, and achieving Remote Code Execution (RCE).
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Hunt server-side template injection (SSTI) across Jinja2 (Flask/Django), Twig (Symfony), Freemarker (Java), ERB (Rails), Spring, Velocity, Mako, Thymeleaf, Smarty. Detection probes use double-curly and dollar-curly math expressions evaluated server-side. Once an engine is fingerprinted, escalate to RCE via the engine-specific class-walker, callback-registrar, or Execute-utility patterns documented in disclosed reports. Detection patterns: error messages reveal engine, blank or numeric eval reveals expression mode. Targets: email templates, PDF/report generators, CMS preview features, error pages with user input. Use when hunting RCE via template rendering, when content shows engine fingerprints, when finding endpoints that compose strings with user input before render.
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Domain routing and boundary guidance for authorized server-side template injection testing, including Jinja2, Twig, Freemarker, Velocity, and Thymeleaf engines. Use when a task belongs to the SSTI domain and needs scope, evidence, pivot, or exit criteria.
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Hunt Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) in Jinja2, Twig, Freemarker, Velocity, Smarty, ERB, Handlebars, Mustache, and Spring (SpEL). Use when input is reflected in a way that suggests template rendering — error pages, email templates, PDF generators, dynamic content systems.
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Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) occurs when user input is embedded directly into a template engine (Jinja2, Twig, Freemarker, Pebble, Velocity, Smarty, Mako) and evaluated, enabling remote code execution. Detect via math expressions `{{7*7}}` returning `49`, or `${7*7}`, `<%= 7*7 %>`. Leads to full RCE via template sandbox escape, Python `__class__.__mro__` traversal, and Java reflection chains. Tools: tplmap, Burp Suite.
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SSRF → SSTI zinciri ile RCE — Flask/Jinja2, Thymeleaf, FreeMarker şablonları
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Detecting and exploiting Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerabilities across Jinja2, Twig, Freemarker, and other template engines to achieve remote code execution.
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You are helping a penetration tester exploit server-side template injection in a
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Complete reference for 26 web2 bug classes with root causes, detection patterns, bypass tables, exploit techniques, and real paid examples. Covers IDOR, auth bypass, XSS, SSRF (11 IP bypass techniques), SQLi, business logic, race conditions, OAuth/OIDC, file upload (10 bypass techniques), GraphQL, LLM/AI (ASI01-ASI10 agentic framework), API misconfig (mass assignment, JWT attacks, prototype pollution, CORS), ATO taxonomy (9 paths), SSTI (Jinja2/Twig/Freemarker/ERB/Spring), subdomain takeover, cloud/infra misconfigs, HTTP smuggling (CL.TE/TE.CL/H2.CL), cache poisoning, MFA bypass (7 patterns), SAML attacks (XSW/comment injection/signature stripping), error disclosure / debug endpoints (stack trace regex per framework, chain templates), CSS injection (attribute-selector exfiltration, opacity clickjacking, @import). LFI / file inclusion -> RCE (php://filter source disclosure, iconv filter-chain RCE with no upload, log/environ poisoning, .user.ini/.htaccess auto_prepend, data:// + expect:// wrappers, session inclusion, traversal bypass table). Insecure deserialization (PHP __wakeup bypass / phar:// POP chains, Java ysoserial CommonsCollections gadgets + magic bytes, Python pickle __reduce__ + signed-cookie forgery, Node node-serialize). Dependency confusion / supply chain (internal package-name discovery, unclaimed-name confirmation, callback-only PoC, npm/pip/Maven/RubyGems variants). Use when hunting a specific vuln class or studying what makes bugs pay.
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