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bioconductor-findit2

This package implements functions to find influential TF and target based on different input type. It have five module: Multi-peak multi-gene annotaion(mmPeakAnno module), Calculate regulation potential(calcRP module), Find influential Target based on ChIP-Seq and RNA-Seq data(Find influential Target module), Find influential TF based on different input(Find influential TF module), Calculate peak-gene or peak-peak correlation(peakGeneCor module). And there are also some other useful function lik

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FindIT2

Workflows

Standard Workflow

Annotate ChIP-seq or ATAC-seq peaks to nearest genes and calculate gene-level regulatory potential (RP) based on peak distance to transcription start sites (TSS).

library(FindIT2)
library(TxDb.Athaliana.BioMart.plantsmart28)

# 1. Load peak file and TxDb annotation
Txdb <- TxDb.Athaliana.BioMart.plantsmart28
seqlevels(Txdb) <- c(paste0("Chr", 1:5), "M", "C")
ChIP_peak_path <- system.file("extdata", "ChIP.bed.gz", package = "FindIT2")
ChIP_peak_GR <- loadPeakFile(ChIP_peak_path)

# 2. Annotate peaks using nearest gene mode
mmAnno_nearestgene <- mm_nearestGene(peak_GR = ChIP_peak_GR, Txdb = Txdb)

# 3. Find related peaks using gene scan mode
mmAnno_geneScan <- mm_geneScan(peak_GR = ChIP_peak_GR, Txdb = Txdb, upstream = 2e4, downstream = 2e4)

# 4. Calculate regulatory potential (RP)
fullRP_hit <- calcRP_TFHit(mmAnno = mmAnno_geneScan, Txdb = Txdb, decay_dist = 1000, report_fullInfo = TRUE)

Input: A peak BED file path and a TxDb object. Output: A GRanges object containing annotated peaks and calculated regulatory potentials.

When to Use

  • Annotating ChIP-seq or ATAC-seq peaks to nearest genes using mm_nearestGene().
  • Finding all peaks within a specific genomic window around the TSS of genes using mm_geneScan().
  • Calculating gene-level regulatory potential (RP) from peak-level data using calcRP_TFHit() or from bigwig coverage files using calcRP_coverage().
  • Identifying influential transcription factors and target genes by integrating multi-omics data.

When NOT to Use

  • For differential binding analysis of ChIP-seq data, use DiffBind because FindIT2 focuses on peak-to-gene annotation and regulatory potential calculation.
  • For standard peak calling from raw FASTQ/BAM files, use MACS2 because FindIT2 requires pre-called peak files (e.g., BED format).

Data Requirements

  • Peak files in BED format, loaded into a GRanges object using loadPeakFile().
  • A TxDb object containing genomic coordinates and gene models (e.g., TxDb.Athaliana.BioMart.plantsmart28).
  • The GRanges object must contain a metadata column named feature_id representing peak names.

Key Parameters

  • peak_GR: A GRanges object representing genomic peaks.
  • Txdb: A TxDb object for genomic annotations.
  • upstream (2e4): Upstream distance from TSS for gene scan mode.
  • downstream (2e4): Downstream distance from TSS for gene scan mode.
  • decay_dist (1000): Half-decay distance controlling the weight of peaks based on distance to TSS.
  • report_fullInfo (TRUE): Logical indicating whether to return full GRanges annotation details.

Best Practices

  • Ensure the chromosome naming style (seqlevels) of the peak GRanges object matches the TxDb object exactly using seqlevels().
  • Use plot_annoDistance() to inspect the distribution of peak distances to TSS to determine if the TF is promoter-type or enhancer-type.
  • Set decay_dist to 1000 for promoter-type TFs and 10,000 (10 kb) for enhancer-type TFs when calculating regulatory potential.

Common Pitfalls

  • Mismatched Chromosome Names: If seqlevels do not match between peak GRanges and TxDb, annotations will fail; fix by aligning seqlevels using seqlevels(Txdb) <- ....
  • Missing feature_id Column: FindIT2 functions rely on feature_id to link peaks; fix by loading peaks with loadPeakFile() or manually assigning yourGR$feature_id <- ....
  • Excessive Gene Scan Window: Setting upstream/downstream parameters too large on high-density genomes can make results messy; fix by using mm_nearestGene() or reducing the scan window.

Alternatives

  • ChIPseeker for general ChIP-seq peak annotation and visualization.
  • DiffBind for quantitative differential binding analysis.

Citations

  • Guandong Shang, Zhougeng Xu, Muchun Wan, Fuxiang Wang, Jiawei Wang (2022). FindIT2: an R/Bioconductor package to identify influential transcription factor and targets based on multi-omics data. BMC Genomics, 23, 272.

References

  • Homepage: bioconductor.org/packages/FindIT2
  • Vignette: bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/vignettes/FindIT2/inst/doc/FindIT2.html

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