Application Integration Troubleshooting

Diagnose and recover Google Cloud Application Integration executions that fail, stall, or appear to do nothing. This skill walks through execution state verification, per-task failure inspection, Cloud Logging and Cloud Monitoring checks, Integration Connectors health probes, suspension resolution, and IAM or quota checks.

Attribution

MUST READ: Before executing any gcloud command, REST API call, or Python discovery-client call, you MUST read Usage Attribution. For commands executed directly in the terminal (never in generated scripts, Terraform, ADK agents, or user code), prefix gcloud with CLOUDSDK_METRICS_REQUEST_ATTRIBUTION="agent-skills/1.0 (skill:application-integration-troubleshooting)" and add agent-skills/1.0 (skill:application-integration-troubleshooting) to the User-Agent header of curl requests.

Tooling and Scope Boundaries

• REST is the interface. There is no gcloud integrations command group and no Google-managed MCP server for Application Integration. Use curl with gcloud auth print-access-token, or the discovery-based Python client (googleapiclient.discovery.build("integrations", "v1") and build("connectors", "v1"); install with pip install "google-api-python-client>=2.100.0,<3" "google-auth>=2.20.0,<3") (changes host or credential state; get the user's approval first).
• Generic gcloud commands apply for authentication (gcloud auth), enabling APIs (gcloud services), IAM checks (gcloud projects get-iam-policy, gcloud iam service-accounts get-iam-policy), and log queries (gcloud logging read).
• Regional scope. Integrations, executions, connections, and execution logs live in a single Google Cloud region (LOCATION), which is the LOCATION in every REST path; no gcloud default-region setting applies. Ask the user which region the integration is deployed in. If they don't know, start with us-central1 and, if executions.list is empty there, check the other Application Integration locations before concluding nothing ran (Step 2).
• Sibling skills:
  • Use application-integration-basics for product concepts, enabling APIs, provisioning a region, initial IAM roles, and service limits.
  • Use application-integration-authoring for creating drafts, editing tasks and triggers, config variables, publishing, :execute and :schedule payloads, and CI/CD export/import.

Safety and Confirmation Rules

• Read-only checks run freely: executions.list, suspensions.list, connections.get, connectionSchemaMetadata get calls, runtime v2 actions.list / entityTypes.list, gcloud logging read, and v2 executions:troubleshoot.
• State-changing actions require explicit user confirmation. Before canceling or replaying an execution, lifting or resolving a suspension, refreshing connector schema metadata, repairing connector eventing, publishing or unpublishing a version, or changing IAM bindings, show the exact command and wait for user approval.
• Host changes require approval. Before installing packages (pip install) or changing global gcloud or credential state (gcloud config set ... such as auth/impersonate_service_account, gcloud auth application-default login / set-quota-project), show the exact command and wait for the user's approval.
• Never bundle destructive scripts or delete integrations, versions, connections, or auth profiles during troubleshooting unless the user specifically asks.

Prerequisites and Setup Check

Before querying APIs, confirm the environment has credentials, active APIs, and the right target region:

# Verify active identity and project
gcloud config get-value account
gcloud config get-value project

# Check that required APIs are enabled on PROJECT_ID
gcloud services list --enabled --project="PROJECT_ID" \
  --filter="config.name:(integrations.googleapis.com OR connectors.googleapis.com OR secretmanager.googleapis.com)"

• If an API is missing, ask the user before running gcloud services enable integrations.googleapis.com connectors.googleapis.com secretmanager.googleapis.com --project="PROJECT_ID".
• Ensure an active billing account is attached to PROJECT_ID (required even when usage stays within the monthly free tier; see the Application Integration pricing page).
• For Python discovery clients (install with pip install "google-api-python-client>=2.100.0,<3" "google-auth>=2.20.0,<3") or ADK (ApplicationIntegrationToolset), authenticate with gcloud auth application-default login and gcloud auth application-default set-quota-project PROJECT_ID (changes host or credential state; get the user's approval first).

Diagnostic Decision Flow

Follow these steps in order whenever a user reports that an integration failed, did nothing, or is stuck.

Step 1: Confirm Whether an Execution Ran and Check Its True State

Do not rely on an HTTP 200 status from :execute as proof that every task succeeded (note: integrations:test also exists in the v1 REST API, but its required TestIntegrationsRequest.clientId value is not publicly documented, so do not invent one; test by publishing to a non-production project and calling :execute). As a diagnostic rule, always check the response payload and execution record because:

• The required verification is the execution record from executions.list?filter=execution_id="EXECUTION_ID"—inspect executionDetails.state, each task's taskExecutionState, and ErrorInfo in responseParameters (do not rely on the legacy/deprecated executionFailed field, which is not a supported public signal).
• If the caller passed "doNotPropagateError": true on :execute, the API returns HTTP 200 with an executionId and places error details inside event parameters instead of returning an HTTP error.
• A duplicate requestId on :execute or :schedule returns the previous execution's response without running a new execution.
• Task failure policies (IGNORE and NONE) allow an integration to continue or finish as SUCCEEDED down an alternate branch even when an individual task failed.

List executions for the integration (use - as INTEGRATION_NAME to search across all integrations in the region; the discovery doc does not specify whether orderBy=create_time sorts ascending or descending, so add a CreateTimestamp filter or paginate with pageToken if needed):

curl -sS -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
  "https://integrations.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/integrations/INTEGRATION_NAME/executions?pageSize=10&orderBy=create_time&snapshotMetadataWithoutParams=true"

Once you have the EXECUTION_ID, fetch its full ExecutionDetails and per-task states (use filter, snapshotMetadataWithoutParams=true, and readMask on executions.list—never the deprecated truncateParams [UI-only] or filterParams.* [internal-only] parameters):

curl -sS -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
  "https://integrations.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/integrations/INTEGRATION_NAME/executions?filter=execution_id%3D%22EXECUTION_ID%22"

To filter executions.list by state, use the state field (= or !=) with unquoted ExecutionDetails.state values (for example, filter=state=FAILED, filter=state!=SUCCEEDED, filter=state=CANCELLED, or filter=state=FAILED OR state=CANCELLED, URL-encoded as filter=state%3DFAILED or filter=state%3DFAILED%20OR%20state%3DCANCELLED); use state (not eventExecutionState, as shown on the REST reference page, or event_execution_state in the API reference's filter description), and use the supported filter keys (execution_id, state, update_time, workflow_name, trigger_id, CreateTimestamp, parameter_type)—camelCase variants such as executionId are not supported even though some docs examples show them.

Step 2: What If No Execution Record Exists?

If executions.list returns no matching run, check these five causes before assuming the trigger never fired:

Cause	Symptom	What to verify
Wrong region	Empty list in LOCATION	Check https://console.cloud.google.com/integrations or list integrations in other regions.
API trigger 403	Caller got HTTP 403 PERMISSION_DENIED	API trigger auth denials fail before execution creation; nothing is written to execution logs. Check caller IAM and roles/iam.serviceAccountUser on the run-as service account.
API trigger payload > 8 MB	Caller got an error	Cumulative API trigger input variables exceed the 8 MB limit, so the integration does not start.
Local logging disabled	Integration ran, but logs are empty	Check IntegrationVersion.databasePersistencePolicy (DATABASE_PERSISTENCE_DISABLED = Disable; DATABASE_PERSISTENCE_POLICY_UNSPECIFIED = Enable (sync), the API default; DATABASE_PERSISTENCE_ASYNC = Enable (async), the console default). Also, if total integration data exceeds 10 MB (up to the 30 MB limit), local logging is disabled automatically.
Version not ACTIVE	Trigger never fires	Only an ACTIVE (published) version runs from triggers. After publishing, an older version can keep serving for up to 10 minutes due to eventual consistency.

Step 3: Branch by Execution State (ExecutionDetails.state)

See Execution States for the full state reference, task-level states (TaskExecutionDetails.taskExecutionState), filter syntax, and cancel/replay rules.

ExecutionDetails.state	Console status	Meaning and next step
FAILED	Failed	Check ErrorInfo (message, code) in responseParameters, inspect the failing task's taskExecutionState (FAILED or FATAL), and run Step 4 (:troubleshoot and Cloud Logging).
SUCCEEDED	Succeeded	If expected work did not happen, inspect taskExecutionDetails for tasks in SKIPPED (edge condition false) or FAILED (masked by IGNORE or NONE retry strategy).
CANCELLED	Canceled	User canceled the run, a new integration version was published while the run was suspended, a SYNC run hit the 2-minute timeout, or a replayed run hit the 10-minute deadline.
SUSPENDED	Suspended	Waiting on an Approval task (resolvable in the Cloud console UI or via suspensions:resolve) or a Suspend task (resumable via suspensions:lift). See Suspensions.
RETRY_ON_HOLD	Retry on hold	A task or integration failed with a temporary error and is waiting in the backoff retry queue.
PROCESSING	In process	Currently running. Check whether an ASYNC run is approaching the 10-minute timeout.
PENDING	On hold	Scheduled or temporarily paused and waiting to be triggered.

Step 4: Inspect Logs, AI Root Cause, and Subsystem Health

1. Run AI Troubleshoot (v2 REST API) on a failed execution to get a structured root-cause summary (requires integrations.executions.get):

   curl -sS -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     "https://integrations.googleapis.com/v2/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/integrations/INTEGRATION_NAME/executions/EXECUTION_ID:troubleshoot"
   

2. Query Cloud Logging if Cloud Logging was enabled on the version. Note that Cloud Logging is disabled by default and writes nothing if local logging is disabled. See Logging and Monitoring for how to enable it, severity behavior, and exact queries.

   gcloud logging read \
     'resource.type="integrations.googleapis.com/IntegrationVersion" AND jsonPayload.executionId="EXECUTION_ID"' \
     --project="PROJECT_ID" --limit=20 --format=json
   

3. If a Connectors task failed, do not guess whether the connector or IAM is at fault. Inspect the connection resource (connections.get) and its schema metadata (GET .../connections/CONNECTION_NAME/connectionSchemaMetadata for state and errorMessage, and runtime v2 GET .../v2/.../connections/CONNECTION_NAME/actions and .../entityTypes for listing—v1 connectionSchemaMetadata:listActions and :listEntityTypes require a filter and reject unfiltered calls). See Connectors Health for connection states, schema metadata checks, and node throttling (HTTP 429).

   curl -sS -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     "https://connectors.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/connections/CONNECTION_NAME?view=FULL"
   

4. If an IAM (403), run-as service account, timeout, or quota error occurred, check both the caller's role and the integration's run-as service account. Integrations created on or after October 15, 2026 with any trigger other than an API or Private trigger (for example Schedule, Cloud Scheduler, Cloud Pub/Sub, Salesforce, or Connector Event; Private triggers are exempt like API triggers, so a sub-integration whose only trigger is Private can be published without runAsServiceAccount) cannot be tested or published unless runAsServiceAccount is set; whenever runAsServiceAccount is set, the user publishing or testing the version needs roles/iam.serviceAccountUser on it. See Common Errors for the two-sided 403 checklist, error codes, task limits, and ADK ApplicationIntegrationToolset errors.

Common Diagnostic Scenarios

Scenario A: Failed Connectors Task (Connection Health vs Caller IAM)

1. Run connections.get with view=FULL (command above) and inspect status.state and status.status.
2. If status.state is ERROR or AUTHORIZATION_REQUIRED: the connection itself cannot reach or authenticate to the target backend. Fix the connection's credentials in Secret Manager or the Cloud console (https://console.cloud.google.com/connectors/connections). If the connection uses a service account in another project, verify service-PROJECT_NUMBER@gcp-sa-connectors.iam.gserviceaccount.com has roles/iam.serviceAccountTokenCreator in that project.
3. If status.state is ACTIVE: the connection is healthy. Check whether the identity running the task (the integration's runAsServiceAccount, or if unset, service-PROJECT_NUMBER@gcp-sa-integrations.iam.gserviceaccount.com) has a required Integration Connectors role (such as roles/connectors.invoker or roles/connectors.admin) in the connection's project.
4. If the task failed with HTTP 429: the connection exceeded its provisioned nodes. Raise min/max nodes on the connection and add a task retry strategy (EXPONENTIAL_BACKOFF).
5. Trace the exact connector attempt in Cloud Logging (when connector logging is enabled on the connection):

   gcloud logging read \
     'resource.type="connectors.googleapis.com/Connection" AND jsonPayload.integration_connectors_trace_id="EXECUTIONID_TASKID_ATTEMPTNUMBER"' \
     --project="PROJECT_ID" --limit=20 --format=json
   

Scenario B: Stuck in SUSPENDED (Approval vs Suspend Task)

1. Identify which task paused the execution from taskExecutionDetails and list pending suspensions (read-only; requires integrations.suspensions.list, included in roles/integrations.suspensionResolver) to find SUSPENSION_ID and taskId. Note that roles/integrations.suspensionResolver alone cannot read execution records (no integrations.executions.list or integrations.executions.get, returning HTTP 403 on executions.list and v2 :troubleshoot); to inspect taskExecutionDetails (or run :troubleshoot), also grant roles/integrations.integrationViewer (or use the approval email link, which carries the execution and task IDs). See Suspensions for full details.

   # Read-only: list suspensions on EXECUTION_ID
   curl -sS -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     "https://integrations.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/integrations/INTEGRATION_NAME/executions/EXECUTION_ID/suspensions"
   

2. Approval task: can be approved or rejected in the Cloud console UI or via the REST API (POST https://integrations.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/integrations/INTEGRATION_NAME/executions/EXECUTION_ID/suspensions/SUSPENSION_ID:resolve with body {"suspension": {"eventExecutionInfoId": "EXECUTION_ID", "integration": "INTEGRATION_NAME", "taskId": "TASK_ID", "state": "LIFTED"}} or "REJECTED"—the same call the console Approve/Reject buttons make). Always confirm with the user before resolving. Verify the caller holds integrations.suspensions.resolve (included in roles/integrations.suspensionResolver, which is not included in roles/integrations.integrationEditor) and roles/iam.serviceAccountUser on the integration's runAsServiceAccount. Without roles/iam.serviceAccountUser, approving leaves the execution paused until it expires.
3. Suspend task: :lift is the Suspend-task variant and requires integrations.suspensions.lift (included in roles/integrations.suspensionResolver) plus roles/iam.serviceAccountUser on the integration's runAsServiceAccount. After user confirmation, call POST .../executions/EXECUTION_ID/suspensions/SUSPENSION_ID:lift with an optional suspensionResult.
4. Watch out for version publish cancellation: publishing a new version of an integration automatically cancels all suspended executions of the previous version.

Scenario C: HTTP 403 PERMISSION_DENIED on Trigger, Test, or Publish

Application Integration enforces two independent permission checks:

1. Caller IAM check: the caller needs permission on the integration (roles/integrations.integrationInvoker to invoke, roles/integrations.integrationEditor to edit/test, roles/integrations.integrationDeployer or roles/integrations.integrationEditor to publish).
2. Run-as service account check: whenever runAsServiceAccount is set on the version, the user (or principal) publishing or testing the version needs roles/iam.serviceAccountUser on runAsServiceAccount at publish/test time, and at runtime the invoking caller or trigger service account needs roles/iam.serviceAccountUser on runAsServiceAccount (granted in the project that owns the service account). In addition, runAsServiceAccount needs roles on downstream Google Cloud resources.

Check both bindings before retrying. For Pub/Sub, Eventarc, and Connector Event triggers, a run-as service account (roles/iam.serviceAccountUser) denial records a failed execution and the event is not redelivered.

Recovery Actions (Require User Confirmation)

Always display the exact command and obtain user confirmation before running :cancel, :replay, :lift, or :resolve. :cancel requires integrations.executions.cancel and :replay requires integrations.executions.replay (both are held by roles/integrations.integrationInvoker, roles/integrations.integrationEditor, and roles/integrations.integrationAdmin—not by roles/integrations.suspensionResolver or roles/integrations.integrationViewer, so approvers with only roles/integrations.suspensionResolver cannot cancel a stuck SUSPENDED run). :replay also enforces two preconditions that return FAILED_PRECONDITION: (a) test-case runs cannot be replayed in any mode ("Test runs cannot be replayed."), and (b) REPLAY_MODE_POINT_OF_FAILURE is refused for executions that ran with database persistence (local logging / databasePersistencePolicy: DATABASE_PERSISTENCE_DISABLED) disabled because it needs execution snapshots—use REPLAY_MODE_FROM_BEGINNING in that case. When overriding inputs on :replay with modifiedParameters and updateMask, list every overridden key in updateMask; without updateMask, all original inputs are discarded and only modifiedParameters are used, and a key in updateMask missing from modifiedParameters is an error.

# Cancel an execution in PENDING (console "On hold"), RETRY_ON_HOLD, or SUSPENDED state (requires integrations.executions.cancel)
# (Cannot cancel executions in PROCESSING state [console "In process"], completed runs [SUCCEEDED, FAILED, CANCELLED], or Schedule-trigger runs; approvers with only roles/integrations.suspensionResolver cannot cancel a stuck SUSPENDED run)
curl -X POST \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"cancelReason": "Canceling stuck execution after investigation"}' \
  "https://integrations.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/integrations/INTEGRATION_NAME/executions/EXECUTION_ID:cancel"

# Replay a SUCCEEDED, FAILED, or CANCELLED execution on a published integration (Preview; requires integrations.executions.replay; test-case runs and Schedule-trigger runs cannot be replayed)
# replayMode: REPLAY_MODE_FROM_BEGINNING or REPLAY_MODE_POINT_OF_FAILURE (failed runs only; refused with FAILED_PRECONDITION if databasePersistencePolicy was DATABASE_PERSISTENCE_DISABLED—use REPLAY_MODE_FROM_BEGINNING in that case)
# Optional modifiedParameters/updateMask: list every overridden key in updateMask; without updateMask, all original inputs are discarded and only modifiedParameters are used; a key in updateMask missing from modifiedParameters is an error
curl -X POST \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"replayReason": "Replay after fixing downstream permission", "replayMode": "REPLAY_MODE_POINT_OF_FAILURE"}' \
  "https://integrations.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/integrations/INTEGRATION_NAME/executions/EXECUTION_ID:replay"

Reference Files

Load the matching reference file when you need deeper details, exact field names, or edge-case checks:

• Usage Attribution: Usage attribution for gcloud CLI commands, direct curl REST calls, and Python discovery-client snippets run in the terminal.
• Execution States: ExecutionDetails.state and TaskExecutionDetails.taskExecutionState enums, executions.list filter operators, large-log workarounds (> 300 MB), and :cancel / :replay constraints.
• Logging and Monitoring: Local logging vs Cloud Logging interactions, enabling Cloud Logging on a draft version, Logs Explorer queries, integrations.googleapis.com/* and connectors.googleapis.com/* metric schemas, and alerting setup.
• Common Errors: HTTP/gRPC error codes, the two-sided 403 checklist, the October 15, 2026 run-as service account requirement, task-level limits and gotchas, and ADK ApplicationIntegrationToolset errors.
• Connectors Health: ConnectionStatus.state, EventingStatus.state, connectionSchemaMetadata probes, runtime v2 readiness calls, node throttling (HTTP 429), and separating connection auth from caller IAM.
• Suspensions: Suspend vs Approval vs Timer behavior, suspensions.list / :lift / :resolve payloads, expiration settings, and why approvals stay stuck without roles/iam.serviceAccountUser.