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mcp-jupyter

Reference for MCP Jupyter tools (kernel management, cell execution, Papermill). Use when executing notebooks, managing kernels, or running code interactively via MCP.

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MCP Jupyter Reference

When to Use MCP vs Local Scripts

NeedToolWhy
Batch validation (Python)scripts/notebook_tools/notebook_tools.py validateFaster, no kernel setup
Batch execution (Python)scripts/notebook_tools/notebook_tools.py executePapermill CLI, simpler
Structure analysisscripts/notebook_tools/notebook_helpers.py list --verboseLocal, instant
Find enrichment gapsNotebookHelper.find_cells_needing_enrichment()Python API
Cell-by-cell .NET executionMCP execute_on_kernelOnly option (Papermill blocked)
Interactive debuggingMCP manage_kernel + execute_on_kernelLive kernel state
Notebook read/write via APIMCP read_cells, add_cellRemote/programmatic

Rule: Prefer local scripts for Python notebooks. Use MCP for .NET kernels and interactive sessions. See notebook-helpers skill for full script reference.

Available MCP Tools

ToolDescription
list_kernels()List available kernel specs
manage_kernel(action, kernel_name/id)start/stop/restart/interrupt kernel
execute_on_kernel(kernel_id, mode, ...)Execute code, cell, or full notebook
execute_notebook(input_path, ...)Papermill execution (sync/async)
read_notebook(path)Read notebook content
read_cells(path, mode)Read cells (list/summary)
get_notebook_info(path)Notebook metadata
manage_async_job(action, job_id)Manage async Papermill jobs

Supported Kernels

KernelNameNotes
Python 3python3Via ipykernel in conda mcp-jupyter-py310
.NET C#.net-csharpVia dotnet-interactive
.NET F#.net-fsharpVia dotnet-interactive
Lean 4lean4Via WSL wrapper

Execution Patterns

Python notebooks - Papermill (preferred for batch)

execute_notebook(
    input_path="MyIA.AI.Notebooks/path/notebook.ipynb",
    output_path="MyIA.AI.Notebooks/path/notebook.ipynb",  # Same file = overwrite with outputs
    mode="sync"
)

Python notebooks - Cell-by-cell (for control)

manage_kernel(action="start", kernel_name="python3")
# Execute cells
execute_on_kernel(kernel_id="...", mode="notebook_cell", path="notebook.ipynb", cell_index=0)
# ...
manage_kernel(action="stop", kernel_id="...")

.NET notebooks - Cell-by-cell ONLY

IMPORTANT: Papermill does NOT work with .NET notebooks. Always use cell-by-cell.

manage_kernel(action="start", kernel_name=".net-csharp")

# CRITICAL: Set working directory first
execute_on_kernel(
    kernel_id="...", mode="code",
    code='System.IO.Directory.SetCurrentDirectory(@"d:\\dev\\CoursIA\\MyIA.AI.Notebooks\\Sudoku");'
)

# Execute cells sequentially
for idx in range(cell_count):
    execute_on_kernel(kernel_id="...", mode="notebook_cell", path="notebook.ipynb", cell_index=idx)

manage_kernel(action="stop", kernel_id="...")

Known Issues

ProblemWorkaround
Papermill + #!importUse cell-by-cell execution
Papermill + .NET kernelsKernel hangs at startup; use cell-by-cell
.NET cold start timeoutNormal (30-60s); retry once
Async progress values incorrectKnown bug; ignore progress numbers
Kernel unresponsive after failed PapermillStop and restart kernel
Relative paths failSet working directory explicitly
Widgets/interactive elementsUse BATCH_MODE=true parameter

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