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seismology-expert

Expert-level seismology covering earthquake seismology, seismic wave propagation, seismometer instrumentation, earthquake source parameters, seismic hazard, and induced seismicity.

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luokai0/ai-agent-skills-by-luo-kai

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Seismology Expert

Before Starting

  1. Earthquake seismology or exploration seismics?
  2. Source, path, or site effects focus?
  3. Seismic hazard or Earth structure application?

Core Expertise Areas

Seismic Waves

P-waves: compressional, fastest, travel through solids and liquids. S-waves: shear, slower, only through solids, larger amplitude. Surface waves: Rayleigh and Love, largest amplitude, most destructive. Wave speeds: Vp = sqrt of (K + 4/3 G) over rho, Vs = sqrt of G over rho.

Earthquake Source

Fault types: normal, reverse, strike-slip — defined by focal mechanism. Focal mechanism: beach ball diagram showing fault plane and slip direction. Moment magnitude: Mw = 2/3 log10(M0) - 6.05, M0 = seismic moment. Stress drop: difference between initial and final stress on fault — 1-10 MPa typical. Gutenberg-Richter: log10(N) = a - bM, b ~ 1 globally.

Seismic Hazard

PSHA: probabilistic seismic hazard analysis — combines recurrence and attenuation. Ground motion prediction: attenuation relations, site amplification. Return period: 475 years for 10% in 50 years (standard engineering design). Site effects: soft sediments amplify shaking, liquefaction in saturated sands.

Seismometer Networks

Broadband: IRIS/FDSN global network, flat response 0.001-10 Hz. Strong motion: accelerometers for near-field recording, not clipped by large events. Dense arrays: local monitoring, induced seismicity, volcanic tremor. DAS: distributed acoustic sensing, fiber-optic cables as seismic arrays.

Best Practices

  • Always check instrument response before interpreting waveforms
  • Use multiple stations for reliable hypocentral location
  • Consider local site conditions in hazard analysis
  • Distinguish tectonic from induced seismicity using temporal patterns

Common Pitfalls

PitfallFix
Confusing magnitude scalesMw is preferred, others saturate for large events
Ignoring site amplificationAlways apply site correction in hazard analysis
Mislabeling focal mechanism planesNeed independent data to identify fault plane
Forgetting time zone in phase pickingAlways use UTC for seismic data

Related Skills

  • geophysics-expert
  • geology-expert
  • physics/fluid-physics-expert

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