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azure-expressroute

Expert knowledge for Azure ExpressRoute development including troubleshooting, best practices, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, security, configuration, integrations & coding patterns, and deployment. Use when planning ExpressRoute bandwidth/gateways, configuring BGP/NAT, deploying circuits via ARM/Terraform, or automating CLI-based management, and other Azure ExpressRoute related development tasks. Not for Azure Virtual Network (use azure-virtual-network), Azure Virtual WAN (use azure-virtual-wan), Azure VPN Gateway (use azure-vpn-gateway), Azure Internet Peering (use azure-internet-peering).

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MicrosoftDocs/Agent-Skills
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SKILL.md (original)

Review the instructions the agent will receive before you install.

Azure ExpressRoute Skill

This skill provides expert guidance for Azure ExpressRoute. Covers troubleshooting, best practices, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, security, configuration, integrations & coding patterns, and deployment. It combines local quick-reference content with remote documentation fetching capabilities.

How to Use This Skill

IMPORTANT for Agent: Use the Category Index below to locate relevant sections. For categories with line ranges (e.g., L35-L120), use read_file with the specified lines. For categories with file links (e.g., [security.md](security.md)), use read_file on the linked reference file

IMPORTANT for Agent: If metadata.generated_at is more than 3 months old, suggest the user pull the latest version from the repository. If mcp_microsoftdocs tools are not available, suggest the user install it: Installation Guide

This skill requires network access to fetch documentation content:

  • Preferred: Use mcp_microsoftdocs:microsoft_docs_fetch with query string from=learn-agent-skill. Returns Markdown.
  • Fallback: Use fetch_webpage with query string from=learn-agent-skill&accept=text/markdown. Returns Markdown.

Category Index

CategoryLinesDescription
TroubleshootingL37-L42Troubleshooting ExpressRoute resiliency and asymmetric routing issues, plus FAQs on connectivity models, supported services, bandwidth, and pricing to resolve design or outage-related questions.
Best PracticesL43-L53Best practices for ExpressRoute capacity planning, QoS, BGP communities, gateway hardware migration, and validating resiliency via gateway and circuit failover testing.
Decision MakingL54-L62Guidance on choosing and configuring ExpressRoute gateways, SKUs, resiliency/topology options, VNet connectivity patterns, and planning/managing ExpressRoute-related costs.
Architecture & Design PatternsL63-L74Designing resilient, highly available ExpressRoute architectures, including DR patterns, multi-circuit routing/Global Reach, VPN coexistence and failover, and using Microsoft peering for PSTN.
Limits & QuotasL75-L84ExpressRoute bandwidth, route, and gateway limits; FastPath usage; provider rate limiting; monitoring advertised routes; and FAQs on staying within connectivity quotas.
SecurityL85-L93Encryption and security for ExpressRoute: IPsec/MACsec setup, NAT requirements, RBAC roles/permissions, and applying network security controls to private circuits.
ConfigurationL94-L122Configuring ExpressRoute circuits, gateways, routing/peering, BGP (incl. IPv6, communities, BFD), NAT, monitoring, resiliency, and coexistence with VPN using portal, CLI, and PowerShell
Integrations & Coding PatternsL123-L130Configuring and automating ExpressRoute circuits and connectivity, including Azure CLI management, NAT setups for Cisco/Juniper, and S2S VPN over Microsoft peering.
DeploymentL131-L138Guides for deploying and migrating ExpressRoute circuits/gateways, including Direct SKUs, zone/AZ-enabled gateways, and ARM/Terraform-based provisioning and traffic migration.

Troubleshooting

TopicURL
Test and validate resiliency of redundant ExpressRoute circuitshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/evaluate-circuit-resiliency
Diagnose and resolve asymmetric routing with ExpressRoutehttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-asymmetric-routing

Best Practices

TopicURL
Apply best practices for ExpressRoute bandwidth upgradeshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/about-upgrade-circuit-bandwidth
Manage complex ExpressRoute networks using BGP communitieshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/bgp-communities
Apply QoS requirements for Skype voice over ExpressRoutehttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-qos
Migrate legacy ExpressRoute gateway connections to new hardwarehttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/howto-recreate-connections
Use Resiliency Insights to harden ExpressRoute gatewayshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/resiliency-insights
Validate ExpressRoute gateway resiliency with failover testshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/resiliency-validation
Test and validate Azure ExpressRoute link failoverhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/test-link-failover

Decision Making

TopicURL
Select and configure ExpressRoute virtual network gatewayshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-about-virtual-network-gateways
Plan and execute ExpressRoute gateway SKU migrationhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/gateway-migration
Plan and manage Azure ExpressRoute costshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/plan-manage-cost
Select ExpressRoute gateway resiliency configurationhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/resiliency-model
Choose VNet connectivity options over ExpressRoutehttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/virtual-network-connectivity-guidance

Architecture & Design Patterns

TopicURL
Design resilient Azure ExpressRoute network architectureshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/design-architecture-for-resiliency
Design disaster recovery with Azure ExpressRoutehttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/designing-for-disaster-recovery-with-expressroute-privatepeering
Architect high availability for Azure ExpressRoutehttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/designing-for-high-availability-with-expressroute
Connect multiple ExpressRoute circuits with Global Reachhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-global-reach
Optimize routing across multiple ExpressRoute circuitshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-optimize-routing
Architect coexisting ExpressRoute and S2S VPN connectionshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-configure-coexisting-gateway-portal
Design S2S VPN backup for ExpressRoute private peeringhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/use-s2s-vpn-as-backup-for-expressroute-privatepeering
Use ExpressRoute Microsoft peering for PSTN serviceshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/using-expressroute-for-microsoft-pstn

Limits & Quotas

TopicURL
Evaluate Azure ExpressRoute FastPath limits and usagehttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/about-fastpath
Manage ExpressRoute advertised route scale within limitshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-connection-manage-advertised-routes
Azure ExpressRoute FAQs on limits and connectivity detailshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-faqs
Monitor ExpressRoute advertised routes to avoid limitshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-custom-route-alert
Understand rate limiting on provider-based ExpressRoute circuitshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/provider-rate-limit
ExpressRoute scalable gateway features and limitshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/scalable-gateway

Security

TopicURL
Use encryption options with Azure ExpressRoutehttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-about-encryption
Configure IPsec transport mode over ExpressRoute for Windowshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-ipsec-transport-private-windows
Configure MACsec security for Azure ExpressRoutehttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-macsec
Roles and permissions for ExpressRoute resourceshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/roles-permissions
Apply security controls to Azure ExpressRoutehttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/secure-expressroute

Configuration

TopicURL
Configure customer-controlled maintenance windows for ExpressRoute gatewayshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/customer-controlled-gateway-maintenance
Configure BFD settings for Azure ExpressRoute private peeringhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-bfd
Configure on-premises routers for Azure ExpressRoutehttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-config-samples-routing
Configure IPv6 private peering for Azure ExpressRoutehttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-add-ipv6
Configure coexisting ExpressRoute and S2S VPN connections (classic)https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-coexist-classic
Configure coexisting ExpressRoute and S2S VPN gatewayshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-coexist-resource-manager
Connect VNets to ExpressRoute circuits with PowerShellhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-linkvnet-arm
Link Azure VNets to ExpressRoute circuits via CLIhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-linkvnet-cli
Reset ExpressRoute circuit peerings with PowerShellhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-reset-peering
Reset ExpressRoute circuit peerings in Azure portalhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-reset-peering-portal
Configure ExpressRoute routing and peering with PowerShellhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-routing-arm
Configure ExpressRoute peering in Azure portalhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-routing-portal-resource-manager
Configure a scalable ExpressRoute gateway in portalhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-scalable-portal
Configure ExpressRoute Global Reach with PowerShellhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-set-global-reach
Configure ExpressRoute Global Reach in Azure portalhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-set-global-reach-portal
Configure NAT requirements for Azure ExpressRoute circuitshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-nat
Configure Connection Monitor for ExpressRoute connectivityhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-configure-connection-monitor
Configure custom BGP communities for ExpressRoute private peeringhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-configure-custom-bgp-communities
Configure custom BGP community values for ExpressRoutehttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-configure-custom-bgp-communities-portal
Configure ExpressRoute Traffic Collector and Log Analyticshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-configure-traffic-collector
Configure Azure ExpressRoute Direct resourceshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-expressroute-direct-portal
Configure route filters for ExpressRoute Microsoft peeringhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-routefilter-portal
Configure ExpressRoute peering using Azure CLIhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/howto-routing-cli
Use Azure Monitor metrics and logs for ExpressRoutehttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/monitor-expressroute-reference
Configure rate limiting on ExpressRoute Direct circuitshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/rate-limit

Integrations & Coding Patterns

TopicURL
Apply Cisco and Juniper NAT configurations for ExpressRoutehttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-config-samples-nat
Programmatically manage ExpressRoute circuits using Azure CLIhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/howto-circuit-cli
Create and manage ExpressRoute circuits using Azure CLIhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/howto-circuit-cli
Configure S2S VPN over ExpressRoute Microsoft peeringhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/site-to-site-vpn-over-microsoft-peering

Deployment

TopicURL
Migrate production traffic between ExpressRoute circuitshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/circuit-migration
Understand ExpressRoute Direct SKUs and technical requirementshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-erdirect-about
Deploy an Azure ExpressRoute circuit via ARM templatehttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-circuit-resource-manager-template
Migrate to zone-redundant ExpressRoute gateway SKUshttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-gateway-migration-portal
Provision ExpressRoute circuit and gateway using Terraformhttps://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/quickstart-create-expressroute-vnet-terraform

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