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nist-pf-control

Implement the NIST Privacy Framework CONTROL function covering CT.DM data management, CT.DP data processing policies and procedures, and CT.PO disassociated processing. Provides technical control architectures, data management workflows, and de-identification implementation guidance.

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SKILL.md (original)

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NIST Privacy Framework — CONTROL Function

Overview

The CONTROL function develops and implements appropriate activities to enable organizations and individuals to manage data with sufficient granularity to manage privacy risks. It addresses data management, data processing governance, and disassociated processing techniques.

CONTROL Function Subcategories

CT.DM — Data Management

Policies and procedures for managing data throughout its lifecycle.

SubcategoryDescriptionImplementation Guidance
CT.DM-P1Data elements can be accessed for reviewImplement data subject access portals. Provide export in machine-readable formats (JSON, CSV). Response within regulatory timelines.
CT.DM-P2Data elements can be accessed for transmission or disclosureSupport data portability requests. Implement secure transfer mechanisms. Maintain disclosure logs.
CT.DM-P3Data elements can be accessed for alterationEnable data correction workflows. Propagate corrections across all systems holding the data.
CT.DM-P4Data elements can be accessed for deletionImplement cascading deletion across primary and backup systems. Maintain deletion verification logs. Address data in analytics pipelines.
CT.DM-P5Data processing activities are configured to meet the organization's data processing principlesDefault to most privacy-protective settings. Implement purpose limitation at the system level.
CT.DM-P6Retention schedules are established and in placeDefine retention periods per data category. Implement automated purging. Document legal hold exceptions.
CT.DM-P7Data are processed in accordance with established retention schedulesAutomated enforcement of retention policies. Regular audits of data stores. Reporting on retention compliance.
CT.DM-P8Integrity of data elements is maintainedImplement checksums and validation rules. Detect and resolve data quality issues. Track data lineage.
CT.DM-P9Audit/log records are determined, documented, implemented, and reviewedPrivacy-specific audit logging for all data access and modifications. Log retention per regulatory requirements.
CT.DM-P10Mechanisms for data subjects to authorize processing existConsent collection and management infrastructure. Granular consent options. Consent withdrawal capability.

CT.DP — Data Processing Policies and Procedures

Governance controls for data processing activities.

SubcategoryDescriptionImplementation Guidance
CT.DP-P1Policies, processes, and procedures for authorizing data processing are maintained and enforcedDocument lawful basis for each processing activity. Implement access controls aligned with authorized purposes.
CT.DP-P2Data processing environment is identified, managed, and monitoredMaintain environment inventory (production, staging, development). Monitor for unauthorized processing. Separate test data from production data.
CT.DP-P3Data processing procedures are maintained and monitored to meet established termsStandard operating procedures for each processing type. Automated compliance checking. Exception management workflow.
CT.DP-P4System or device configurations are set to authorized specificationsSecure configuration baselines for systems processing personal data. Configuration drift detection. Change management for privacy-relevant settings.
CT.DP-P5Data processing activities are monitored and loggedReal-time monitoring of data processing operations. Anomaly detection for unusual processing patterns. Alerting for policy violations.

CT.PO — Disassociated Processing

Techniques to process data while minimizing identifiability.

SubcategoryDescriptionImplementation Guidance
CT.PO-P1De-identification is applied to data elements to limit observability or linkabilityApply pseudonymization, anonymization, or generalization based on use case. Document de-identification methodology.
CT.PO-P2Technical measures for disassociated processing are implementedDeploy differential privacy, secure multi-party computation, or homomorphic encryption as appropriate. Select technique based on data utility requirements.

Data Management Architecture

Lifecycle Control Points

Collection --> Storage --> Processing --> Sharing --> Retention --> Deletion
    |            |           |             |            |            |
    v            v           v             v            v            v
 Consent     Encryption   Purpose      Access       Schedule    Cascading
 Capture     at Rest      Limitation   Controls     Enforcement  Purge
    |            |           |             |            |            |
    v            v           v             v            v            v
 Audit Log   Access Log   Process Log  Transfer Log Retention Log Deletion Log

Data Element Access Control Matrix

OperationData SubjectData StewardProcessorAnalystAdmin
View own dataYesYesNoNoYes
Export own dataYesYesNoNoYes
Correct own dataRequestYesNoNoYes
Delete own dataRequestYesNoNoYes
View aggregateNoYesYesYesYes
Process dataNoNoYesNoYes
Analyze dataNoNoNoYesYes
Configure systemNoNoNoNoYes

Disassociated Processing Techniques

Technique Selection Guide

TechniqueIdentifiability ReductionData UtilityComputational CostReversible
PseudonymizationMediumHighLowYes (with key)
k-AnonymityMedium-HighMediumMediumNo
l-DiversityHighMediumMediumNo
t-ClosenessHighMedium-LowHighNo
Differential PrivacyVery HighMediumMediumNo
Data MaskingLow-MediumMediumLowDepends
GeneralizationMediumMediumLowNo
SuppressionHighLowLowNo
Synthetic DataVery HighVariableHighNo

De-identification Decision Framework

Is the data being shared externally?
├── Yes → Is re-identification risk acceptable?
│   ├── No → Apply formal anonymization (differential privacy, k-anonymity with k>=5)
│   └── Yes → Apply pseudonymization with contractual controls
└── No → Is the data used for analytics?
    ├── Yes → Apply aggregation or differential privacy
    └── No → Apply pseudonymization with access controls

Retention Schedule Template

Data CategoryRetention PeriodLegal BasisDeletion MethodVerification
Customer transaction records7 years from transactionTax/accounting regulationsSecure overwriteAutomated audit
Marketing consent recordsDuration of consent + 3 yearsLegitimate interest (proof)Logical deletionAnnual review
Employee personnel filesEmployment + 7 yearsEmployment lawSecure destructionHR verification
Website analytics26 monthsConsentAutomated purgeMonthly check
Support tickets3 years from resolutionContract performanceSecure overwriteQuarterly audit
CCTV footage30 daysLegitimate interestAutomated overwriteWeekly check
Backup tapes90 days rollingBusiness continuityTape degaussingQuarterly audit

Audit Logging Requirements

Privacy-Specific Events to Log

Event CategorySpecific EventsRequired Fields
Data AccessView, export, downloadUser ID, timestamp, data subject ID, data elements accessed, purpose
Data ModificationCreate, update, correctUser ID, timestamp, data subject ID, before/after values, purpose
Data DeletionDelete, purge, anonymizeUser ID, timestamp, data subject ID, deletion scope, verification
Consent ChangesGrant, withdraw, modifyData subject ID, timestamp, consent scope, collection channel
Data TransferInternal transfer, external disclosureUser ID, timestamp, recipient, data elements, legal basis
ConfigurationAccess control changes, retention policy changesAdmin ID, timestamp, before/after settings, approval reference

Control Mapping

NIST PF CONTROLISO 27701GDPR ArticleNIST 800-53
CT.DM-P1A.7.3.3Art. 15PM-25
CT.DM-P2A.7.3.7Art. 20PM-25
CT.DM-P3A.7.3.4Art. 16PM-25
CT.DM-P4A.7.3.5Art. 17PM-25
CT.DM-P6A.7.4.7Art. 5(1)(e)SI-12
CT.DM-P9A.7.2.8Art. 30AU-2
CT.DM-P10A.7.2.3Art. 6, 7IP-1
CT.DP-P1A.7.2.2Art. 6(1)PT-3
CT.DP-P5A.7.2.8Art. 30AU-6
CT.PO-P1A.7.4.5Art. 25(1)PM-24
CT.PO-P2A.7.4.5Art. 25(1)PM-24

References

  • NIST Privacy Framework Version 1.0 (January 16, 2020)
  • NIST SP 800-188 — De-Identifying Government Datasets
  • NIST IR 8053 — De-Identification of Personal Information
  • ISO/IEC 20889:2018 — Privacy Enhancing Data De-identification Techniques

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