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state-law-applicability

US state privacy law applicability assessment tool. Evaluates revenue thresholds, data volume thresholds, business exemptions (GLBA, HIPAA, nonprofits), employee data carve-outs, and SBA small business determinations across all enacted state privacy laws.

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  • SKILL.md6.8 KB
  • assets/template.md3.3 KB
  • references/standards.md3.4 KB
  • references/workflows.md4.3 KB
  • scripts/process.py17.0 KB

SKILL.md(원문)

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State Privacy Law Applicability Assessment

Overview

Determining which US state privacy laws apply to an organization requires evaluating multiple criteria: revenue thresholds, consumer/data volume thresholds, industry-specific exemptions, entity-type exemptions, and data-type exemptions. This skill provides a systematic assessment framework and Python automation tool for evaluating applicability across all major enacted state privacy laws.

Assessment Framework

Step 1: Geographic Nexus

For each state, determine if the organization has nexus through:

  • Conducting business in the state (physical presence, employees, registered entity)
  • Targeting residents of the state (marketing, advertising, or providing products/services specifically to state residents)
  • Producing products/services consumed by state residents

Most state laws use "conducts business in [state] OR produces products or services targeted to [state] residents" as the nexus requirement.

Step 2: Threshold Assessment

StateThreshold 1Threshold 2Revenue Alternative
California100,000 consumers/households50% revenue from sale/sharing$25,000,000 annual gross revenue
Virginia100,000 consumers25,000 consumers + 50% revenue from saleNone
Colorado100,000 consumers25,000 consumers + revenue/discount from saleNone
Connecticut100,000 consumers (excl. payment)25,000 consumers + 25% revenue from saleNone
TexasNon-SBA small businessN/ANone (no threshold)
Oregon100,000 consumers (excl. payment)25,000 consumers + 25% revenue from saleNone
Montana50,000 consumers (excl. payment)25,000 consumers + 25% revenue from saleNone
Kentucky100,000 consumers25,000 consumers + 50% revenue from saleNone

Step 3: Entity-Level Exemptions

ExemptionCAVACOCTTXORMTKY
GovernmentN/A (for-profit only)ExemptExemptExemptExemptExemptExemptExempt
GLBA financial institutionsData-levelEntity-levelEntity-levelEntity-levelEntity-levelEntity-levelEntity-levelEntity-level
HIPAA covered entitiesData-levelEntity-levelEntity-levelEntity-levelEntity-levelEntity-levelEntity-levelEntity-level
NonprofitsNot exemptExemptExemptExemptExemptNot exemptExemptExempt
Higher educationNot exemptExemptExemptExemptExemptNot exemptExemptExempt
Air carriersNot exemptNot exemptNot exemptNot exemptNot exemptNot exemptExemptNot exempt

Step 4: Data-Level Exemptions

Data that is already governed by certain federal laws may be exempt even if the organization itself is not:

Federal LawFull NameData Type
GLBAGramm-Leach-Bliley Act (15 U.S.C. §6801)Financial data under GLBA privacy rules
HIPAAHealth Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (42 U.S.C. §1320d)Protected health information (PHI)
FERPAFamily Educational Rights and Privacy Act (20 U.S.C. §1232g)Education records
FCRAFair Credit Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. §1681)Consumer credit reports
DPPADriver's Privacy Protection Act (18 U.S.C. §2721)Motor vehicle records
COPPAChildren's Online Privacy Protection Act (15 U.S.C. §6501)Children's data under COPPA
Farm Credit ActFarm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. §2001)Farm credit data

California distinction: CCPA/CPRA exempts the data governed by these federal laws, not the entity. A GLBA-covered bank is still subject to CCPA for personal data that falls outside GLBA's scope (e.g., marketing data not related to financial products).

Step 5: Employee Data Assessment

StateEmployee Data Status
CaliforniaFully covered (CPRA removed prior partial exemption)
VirginiaExempt from consumer rights; controller duties apply
ColoradoExempt from consumer rights; controller duties apply
ConnecticutExempt from consumer rights; controller duties apply
TexasExempt from consumer rights; controller duties apply
OregonPartial exemption: Rights exempt; controller duties, DPIAs, sensitive consent apply
MontanaExempt from consumer rights; controller duties apply
KentuckyExempt from consumer rights; controller duties apply

Step 6: SBA Small Business Determination (Texas TDPSA)

The TDPSA is the only state law that uses the SBA small business definition. Key steps:

  1. Identify the organization's primary NAICS code
  2. Look up the SBA size standard for that NAICS code in 13 CFR §121.201
  3. Compare the organization's annual receipts or employee count to the threshold
  4. If the organization qualifies as a small business:
    • Most TDPSA provisions are exempt
    • Prohibition on selling sensitive data without consent still applies (§541.107(b))

Common SBA thresholds for technology/retail companies:

NAICSIndustryRevenue Threshold
454110Electronic shopping$40,000,000
519130Internet publishing and web search portals$47,000,000
518210Data processing and hosting$35,000,000
511210Software publishers$47,000,000
541511Custom computer programming$34,000,000

Liberty Commerce Inc. Assessment Summary

StateConsumersRevenue from SaleApplicableBasis
California320,00012%YESRevenue >$25M + 100K consumers
Virginia145,00012%YES100K+ consumers
Colorado98,00012%YES25K+ with revenue from sale
Connecticut87,00012%BorderlineBelow 100K; below 25% revenue
Texas410,00012%YESNon-SBA small business
Oregon72,00012%NOBelow both thresholds
Montana28,00012%NOBelow both thresholds
Kentucky68,00012%NOBelow both thresholds

Key Regulatory References

  • SBA Size Standards: 13 CFR §121.201
  • GLBA: 15 U.S.C. §6801-6809
  • HIPAA: 42 U.S.C. §1320d et seq.; 45 CFR Parts 160, 164
  • FERPA: 20 U.S.C. §1232g
  • FCRA: 15 U.S.C. §1681 et seq.
  • COPPA: 15 U.S.C. §6501-6506
  • DPPA: 18 U.S.C. §2721-2725

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