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cccskills
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write-tests

Write unit and integration tests. Use when the user says "write tests for this", "add test coverage", "how do I test this", "TDD", "red green refactor", "unit test this function", "test this module", "I need tests for", or has code that lacks tests - even if they don't explicitly say "write tests".

한국어 요약은 준비 중입니다. 원문 설명을 표시하고 있습니다.

qa-aman/claude-skills
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Overview

Based on "Test Driven Development By Example" by Kent Beck. Beck's core insight: tests are not a tax on development - they are the way you design. Writing the test first forces you to think about the interface before the implementation. Code written test-first tends to be more modular, more focused, and easier to change.

The TDD cycle: Red - Green - Refactor

  • Red: Write a failing test that defines desired behavior
  • Green: Write the minimum code to make the test pass
  • Refactor: Clean up the code without changing behavior. Tests prove you haven't broken anything.

Workflow

Step 1: Identify what to test

For a given function or module, list the behaviors to test:

  • The happy path (valid inputs - correct output)
  • Invalid inputs (what should fail gracefully)
  • Boundary conditions (empty, null, max, min)
  • Edge cases (concurrent calls, large data, unexpected types)

Don't write tests for implementation details - test behavior.

Step 2: Write the failing test first (Red)

Write a test that:

  • Has a descriptive name: test_<action>_<condition>_<expected_result>
  • Tests one behavior per test
  • Has clear Arrange / Act / Assert structure

Example in Python:

def test_withdraw_fails_when_balance_insufficient():
    # Arrange
    account = BankAccount(balance=50)
    # Act + Assert
    with pytest.raises(InsufficientFundsError):
        account.withdraw(100)

Run the test. Confirm it fails for the right reason (not a syntax error).

Step 3: Write minimum code to pass (Green)

Write the simplest code that makes the test pass. Do not gold-plate. Do not add features not tested yet. Run the test. Confirm it passes.

Step 4: Refactor (Refactor)

Clean up:

  • Remove duplication
  • Improve naming
  • Extract functions if needed

Run all tests after each refactor step. Tests are the safety net.

Step 5: Repeat for each behavior

Add one test at a time. After each Red-Green-Refactor cycle, all tests should pass.

Step 6: Write integration tests for wiring

Unit tests cover individual functions. Integration tests cover how components connect.

  • Test the integration point (API call, DB write, external service)
  • Use test doubles (mocks, stubs, fakes) for external dependencies in unit tests
  • Use real dependencies in integration tests

Anti-Patterns

1. Testing implementation instead of behavior Bad: Testing that a specific private method was called. Good: Testing that the observable output is correct given the input.

2. Tests that depend on each other Bad: Test B only works if Test A ran first. Good: Each test is fully independent. Any test can run in any order.

3. Writing tests after the code Bad: Code written first, tests added later to hit coverage targets. Good: Test first. The discipline is the point - it changes how you design.

4. One massive test instead of many small ones Bad: One test that covers 10 behaviors. Good: One behavior per test. When a test fails, you know exactly what broke.

Quality Checklist

  • Test names describe behavior: test_action_condition_result
  • Each test covers exactly one behavior
  • Tests follow Arrange / Act / Assert structure
  • Tests run in any order (no interdependencies)
  • Happy path, invalid inputs, and boundary conditions covered
  • External dependencies mocked in unit tests
  • Failing test written and confirmed failing before implementation
  • All tests pass after implementation and refactor

리뷰

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