Blueprint Figure

This skill draws one static SVG figure that explains one mechanism of a real system. The figure uses the real names from the system: ids, field names, method names, status codes and sequence numbers. It sits on a light paper panel and uses a small set of hues with fixed meanings. It stays readable at 640 units wide on screen and in print. Claude, Cursor, Codex, OpenClaw, Hermes, or any agent that reads SKILL.md can use it. The sibling skill course-style holds the full course tokens. This skill copies the tokens it needs, so it works alone.

When to use

• A lesson, README or manual needs a picture of how parts of a system talk, store data, or change state.
• You have a capture, a log, a spec or source code that gives the real names.
• The claim fits one of the nine kinds below.

When not to use

• The figure must move or respond to a slider. Use the sibling skill motion-figure.
• The subject is a physical machine explainer with depth and controls. Use the sibling skill isometric-explainer.
• The data is a chart of numbers over many points. Use a chart tool.
• You do not have real names for the parts. Get a capture or a source first.

Method

1. Write the claim first. One sentence, at most 28 words, that the figure proves.
2. Pick one kind from the table below. If two kinds fit, draw two figures.
3. Collect the real names from the source: parties, fields, methods, codes, sequence numbers.
4. Write the hue table for the figure set before you draw (see "Colour").
5. Sketch the layout on the 640-unit grid. Keep content between x 20 and x 620.
6. Draw the figure with a script. Start from templates/figure.mjs. Do not edit the SVG by hand.
7. Run the script. It stops on a label that is too small, too wide, or outside the figure.
8. Run the checks in references/checks.md. Fix every finding.
9. Render the SVG to PNG and look at it at 100% and at 50% width.
10. Write the caption: the bold claim, how to read the figure, then the source.

The nine kinds

Kind	Use it for
sequence	parties on lifelines, time running down, numbered exchanges
structure	the anatomy of one record, object, or schema
flow	stages that data passes through, with who writes and who reads
comparison	two answers to one question, side by side
timeline	tracks over a numbered axis such as commit sequence or time
tree	ownership, containment, or delegation
state	a state machine with its transitions
decision	where something fails and what each outcome means
layers	a stack of layers with the parts each one owns

Layout numbers for each kind are in references/kinds.md.

What a figure shows

• Show the real system with real names. Never draw generic boxes such as "Component A".
• Never draw stat cards, progress bars, or decorative icons.
• Make one claim per figure.
• Compare two behaviours of the subject. Never compare with an earlier build of your own project.
• Number the exchanges in a sequence in the order they happen in the capture.

Colour

Ten hues: grey, blue, teal, violet, green, amber, plum, olive, indigo, rose. Each hue has an ink and a fill token. A hue means the same thing in every figure of one set.

Four meanings are fixed:

Hue	Fixed meaning
rose	failure: errors, crashes, aborts, lost work
grey	outside the subject: the host, the operator, out of scope
amber	lifecycle: tasks, phases, state machines
teal	durable state: storage and committed records

Assign the other six hues once per set and write the table in the page or the manual front matter.

Write every colour as var(--m-<token>, <light hex>), for example var(--m-rose-ink, #b0344d). The host page supplies dark values. A README shows the light hex. All light and dark values are in references/grammar.md.

Arrows

Style	Means
solid ink	a call or request
dashed ink	a reply
solid teal	a durable write
dashed amber	a state change
solid plum	a model call or compute
dashed olive	an effect outside the system
dotted indigo	a stream or an event
dashed rose	a failure

• Line width is 1.2. Dashed is 5 4. Dotted is 1.5 3.5 with round caps.
• Use one arrowhead marker per hue, with the id <figure-id>-head-<hue>.
• End each arrow 1 unit before the target border.
• Figure 0.1, the first figure of a set, shows each arrow style that the set uses.

Borders

• Solid border in the hue ink: a normal part or state.
• Dashed border: interrupted, optional, or not present.
• Double border (a second rect inset 3 units): a terminal state.
• Hatched fill: waiting time on a timeline bar. Never put text on it.

Legibility rules

• Text is at least 11 units at the 640-unit width. That is 11 pixels on screen and about 8 points in print.
• Box titles are 12.5 bold mono. Sub lines are 11 serif. Arrow labels are 11.5. Notes are 11 serif.
• Every serif line carries its own font: class="m-serif" and font-family="Source Serif 4, Georgia, serif". Then the figure looks the same inline on any page, in a README image, and in a manual.
• Kickers are 11, upper case, letter spacing 1.2, in ink-mute.
• No ellipsis in labels. No text over text. No text on a hatched fill. No line through text.
• A label that does not fit goes outside with a leader line or into a numbered key. Never reduce the font size.
• Put each arrow label on a knock patch in the panel colour, with class="m-knock".
• Draw the knock patch after the line and before the label.
• A knock patch hides a line. It never counts as the box that a label must fit inside.
• Measure text before you place it: mono width is characters × size × 0.6, serif width is characters × size × 0.54.

Technical rules

• Root: viewBox="0 0 640 H" with H at most 760, role="img", aria-labelledby="<id>-title <id>-desc".
• Root font and ink: font-family="JetBrains Mono, ui-monospace, monospace" and fill="var(--m-ink, #1a1a1a)". Serif lines set their own font-family as above.
• A <title> and a <desc> of at least 40 characters, as direct children of the root.
• The desc names every part and every exchange in reading order.
• Every id starts with the figure id, such as fig-4-1-head-amber.
• Figure ids are lowercase words and digits joined by hyphens, such as fig-4-1.
• Use only the elements and attributes listed in references/checks.md.
• No style, no scripts, no event handlers, no links, no images.
• transform only as translate() on <g>.
• One <text> element per line of text.
• The file is at most 40 KB and has at most 450 drawn elements.

The caption

Put the caption in the page around the SVG. Do not put it inside the SVG.

1. Start with the claim in bold: one sentence, at most 28 words, ending with a period.
2. Say how to read the figure, such as "Read top to bottom."
3. Name the source, such as the capture file.

In a manual, declare the figure in a fenced block:

```figure
id: fig-4-1
kind: state
title: the task lifecycle
claim: A task ends in one of four terminal states and never leaves one.
caption: Read left to right. Dashed borders are interrupted states. From capture/out/task-states.txt.
```

In a lesson or README, put the SVG in an image tag or inline, then the caption as a paragraph under it.

Keep source and output together

• Save the figure script beside the SVG, such as figures/src/fig-4-1.js and figures/fig-4-1.svg.
• Build the SVG from the script every time. Never edit the SVG by hand after a build.
• Before you commit, build again and confirm that the committed SVG equals the script output.

Check before you finish

• The claim is one sentence of at most 28 words.
• Every label is a real name from the source. No "Component A".
• The figure uses one of the nine kinds.
• Rose means failure, grey means outside, amber means lifecycle, teal means durable state.
• Every arrow uses one of the eight styles and means what the table says.
• viewBox width is 640 and height is at most 760.
• role="img", aria-labelledby, <title> and a <desc> of 40 or more characters are present.
• Every id starts with the figure id.
• Every colour is var(--m-<token>, <light hex>) with the correct hex.
• No text is below 11 units, outside the viewBox, over other text, or crossed by a line.
• No ellipsis in any label.
• Every serif line has a font-family attribute and the root has the ink fill, so the figure needs no host stylesheet.
• No style, script, link, image, or transform other than translate() on <g>.
• The file is at most 40 KB.
• The PNG render is readable at 50% width.
• The caption has the bold claim, the reading order, and the source.
• The committed SVG equals the script output.

Files

• references/kinds.md: layout numbers for each of the nine kinds, and figure 0.1.
• references/grammar.md: light and dark tokens, hue meanings, arrow strokes, markers, text sizes and metrics, shapes, optional beats.
• references/checks.md: every check with its test, the allowed elements and attributes, and the caption rules.
• templates/figure.mjs: a self-contained Node script with a small figure kit and one sequence figure. Run node templates/figure.mjs out.svg to write the SVG, or omit the path to print it.

Inside the AI Engineering from Scratch repo, also see manuals/_shared/figkit.js (the full kit), manuals/_shared/templates/ (one script per kind), and scripts/audit_manuals.js (the figure lint).