スキルを探す

Applying motion study and time analysis to household work. Based directly on Lillian Gilbreth's *The Home-Maker and Her Job* and *Cheaper by the Dozen*, this skill covers the therblig-motion catalog, task decomposition, batch processing, parallelism, routine chart design, and the ergonomics of work surfaces. Use when diagnosing why a household is running out of time, designing a weekly routine, teaching task sharing to children, or reducing the friction of any repeated household task.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Causal reasoning in historical analysis. Covers distinguishing immediate from underlying causes, tracing chains of causation across time scales, identifying unintended consequences, and applying counterfactual reasoning to assess causal significance. Use when analyzing why historical events occurred, evaluating the relative weight of causes, or assessing whether outcomes were inevitable or contingent.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Field observation, data collection, and research methods for geographic inquiry. Covers site selection and sampling strategies, field observation techniques (landscape reading, transects, quadrats), survey and interview methods for human geography, GPS and field mapping, environmental monitoring and instrumentation, data recording and field notebooks, ethical considerations in fieldwork, and the integration of field data with GIS analysis. Use when planning geographic field research, designing data collection protocols, evaluating field evidence, or connecting field observations to broader geographic analysis.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Spatial dimensions of political power, state sovereignty, territorial conflict, borders, international governance, and critical geopolitics. Covers classical geopolitics (Mackinder, Ratzel, Mahan), critical geopolitics (Said, O Tuathail), state territory and sovereignty, border theory, international organizations and governance, electoral geography, and postcolonial perspectives on power and space. Use when reasoning about territorial disputes, borders, international relations, state power, colonialism and its legacies, or the politics of geographic representation.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Teaching home-economics skills as a durable practice across generations and capacity levels. Covers scaffolded task sequencing, the one-in-one-out rule, the apprenticeship model, learning by failure tolerance, family retros, the edible schoolyard framework, and the difference between teaching a recipe and teaching a kitchen. Use when designing a home-ec curriculum for children or adults, diagnosing why a taught skill is not being practiced, or building a household practice that survives the departure of the teacher.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Designing the household as an operating system. Covers room-function mapping, work-triangle analysis, storage topology, utility flow, and the Richards/Beecher lineage that treats the home as an engineered environment rather than a stage set. Use when planning a new kitchen, reorganizing a room, diagnosing friction in a daily routine, or teaching a learner to see the house as a system with inputs, flows, and outputs.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Engineering ethics covering safety, professional codes of conduct, public welfare responsibility, whistleblowing, case studies (Challenger, Columbia, Hyatt Regency, Bhopal, Therac-25), and the ethical dimensions of design decisions. Includes the NSPE Code of Ethics, the iron ring tradition, risk communication, informed consent in engineering, and the duty to dissent. Use when analyzing ethical dimensions of engineering decisions, teaching professional responsibility, or reviewing designs for safety and public welfare.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Primary and secondary source analysis for historical reasoning. Covers source classification, sourcing (author/context/purpose), corroboration across multiple sources, contextualization within time and place, and bias detection. Use when evaluating historical evidence, assessing source reliability, or constructing evidence-based historical arguments.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Historical argumentation, evidence-based writing, and oral history methods. Covers thesis development for historical arguments, evidence selection and deployment, counterargument construction and rebuttal, historical writing conventions, and the methodology of oral history as both source and practice. Use when constructing historical arguments, writing analytical essays, conducting oral history interviews, or assessing the quality of historical writing.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Grammar and syntactic structures across human languages -- word order typology (SVO, SOV, VSO, VOS, OVS, OSV), morphological systems (isolating, agglutinative, fusional, polysynthetic), agreement patterns (gender, number, case, person), phrase structure, clause embedding, and cross-linguistic universals. Covers constituent analysis, dependency vs. constituency grammars, grammatical relations (subject, object, oblique), ergativity vs. accusativity, tense-aspect-mood systems, and how grammar encodes meaning differently across language families. Use when analyzing sentence structure, comparing grammar systems, teaching grammatical concepts, or understanding why a learner makes transfer errors from their L1.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Technical writing, engineering specifications, reports, presentations, and documentation standards for engineering practice. Covers document types (requirements documents, test reports, design rationale, operations manuals), writing style, data visualization, engineering drawing standards, and oral presentation techniques. Use when writing engineering documents, presenting technical results, creating specifications, or learning documentation best practices.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Schools of historical thought, methodology debates, and the philosophy of history. Covers the major historiographical traditions (Annales, Marxist, feminist, postcolonial, subaltern, world-systems), their methodological commitments, their contributions and limitations, and the enduring debates about objectivity, narrative, and the nature of historical knowledge. Use when evaluating how different historians approach the same subject, understanding why historical interpretations change over time, or assessing the theoretical framework underlying a historical argument.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Understanding and integrating multiple perspectives in historical analysis. Covers historical empathy (reconstructing how past actors understood their world), analyzing events from multiple viewpoints, constructing inclusive narratives that recover marginalized voices, and avoiding presentism (the imposition of contemporary values on past societies). Use when interpreting historical actors' motivations, assessing whose stories are told and whose are silenced, or guarding against anachronistic judgment.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Embedded firmware development for microcontrollers including memory-mapped I/O, GPIO, interrupts, timers, UART/SPI/I2C serial protocols, PWM generation, ADC sampling, interrupt-driven versus polled architectures, RTOS fundamentals, and the bring-up sequence from power-on reset through first printf. Covers AVR/Arduino, ARM Cortex-M, and ESP32 patterns. Use when writing, porting, debugging, or reviewing firmware that directly manipulates hardware peripherals.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Migrates existing projects to GSD structure without rewriting history. Activates when user mentions "migrate to GSD", "adopt GSD", "convert project", "brownfield GSD", or wants to add GSD to existing work.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Study of human activities, spatial patterns, and social processes on Earth's surface. Covers population and migration, cultural diffusion and landscapes, urbanization and city systems, economic geography and development, political geography and borders, and social/identity geographies. Use when reasoning about why people live where they do, how cultures spread, how cities grow, how economies are spatially organized, or how power operates through space.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Engineering design cycle covering requirements elicitation, specifications writing, constraint identification, iterative prototyping, and design communication. Spans the full loop from problem definition through ideation, analysis, prototyping, testing, and redesign. Includes morphological charts, TRIZ, Pugh matrices, design reviews, and the distinction between functional and non-functional requirements. Use when framing engineering problems, generating design alternatives, writing specifications, or running design reviews.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Distributional analysis of environmental benefits and burdens across communities. Covers the historical origins of environmental justice in the U.S. civil rights tradition, siting and exposure disparities, indigenous rights and land stewardship, climate justice at global and intergenerational scales, procedural vs. distributional vs. recognition justice, and the environmental justice screening tools used by regulators. Use when analyzing who bears environmental harm and who receives environmental benefit, or when designing interventions whose distributional consequences matter.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Human modification of Earth's systems and the geographic dimensions of environmental change. Covers climate change science (greenhouse effect, feedback loops, projections), deforestation and land use change, desertification and soil degradation, water resource management, biodiversity loss and conservation geography, pollution and environmental justice, and sustainability frameworks. Use when reasoning about human impacts on the environment, environmental policy, conservation planning, climate adaptation, or the spatial distribution of environmental risks.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Map design, spatial analysis, and Geographic Information Systems. Covers map projections and their distortion trade-offs, coordinate systems, thematic mapping techniques (choropleth, proportional symbol, dot density, isoline), remote sensing and satellite imagery, GIS data models (vector and raster), spatial analysis operations (overlay, buffer, interpolation, network analysis), and cartographic design principles. Use when creating maps, analyzing spatial data, selecting projections, interpreting satellite imagery, or reasoning about spatial relationships in any domain.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Economics of low-income countries and the structural transformation from agrarian poverty to industrial prosperity. Covers growth models (Solow, endogenous growth, unified growth theory), the role of institutions (inclusive vs. extractive), inequality measurement and dynamics (Gini, Lorenz curve, Kuznets), poverty traps and their mechanisms (nutritional, financial, geographical), foreign aid debates, and the capability approach as an alternative development metric. Use when analyzing why some countries are rich and others poor, evaluating development interventions, or reasoning about the relationships between growth, inequality, institutions, and human well-being.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Assessing anthropogenic environmental impacts — pollution pathways, habitat destruction and fragmentation, land-use change, invasive species, overharvest, and extinction debt. Covers environmental impact assessment (EIA) methodology, exposure-effect relationships, population viability analysis, IPAT and ecological footprint frameworks, and strategic environmental assessment. Use when quantifying or forecasting human impacts on ecosystems, designing monitoring programs, or evaluating a proposed intervention against a baseline.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Ecological organization, energy flow, food webs, biodiversity, succession, and species interactions. Covers trophic structure, primary productivity, nutrient transfer efficiency, keystone and foundation species, ecosystem services, carrying capacity, disturbance regimes, primary and secondary succession, and resilience metrics. Use when analyzing how living communities are organized, how energy and matter move through ecosystems, how disturbance and recovery shape landscapes, or why biodiversity matters for ecosystem function.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Producing digital media -- writing, images, video, audio, presentations, and multimedia -- with an understanding of craft, audience, accessibility, and ethics. Covers composition principles, copyright-safe sourcing, accessibility features (alt text, captions, contrast), remix culture, attribution practices, and the difference between creating for yourself, for a small audience, and for the open web. Use when helping a learner move from media consumer to media producer.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。