「statistics」の検索結果

Reads, validates, and prepares CDISC SDTM and ADaM clinical trial data for analysis. Covers SDTM domain joins (DM, AE, EX, VS, LB, DS), ADaM architecture (ADSL, BDS, OCCDS, ADTTE) with traceability, treatment-emergent AE conventions, baseline derivation, SUPPQUAL/NSV handling, Define-XML 2.1, and Pinnacle 21 / CORE validation. Use when working with clinical trial datasets in CDISC SDTM/ADaM format, preparing analysis-ready data, or validating for regulatory submission.

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Implements missing-data sensitivity analyses for confirmatory clinical trials including MMRM under MAR (with Kenward-Roger correction), reference-based multiple imputation (J2R, CR, CIR, LMCF per Carpenter-Roger 2013), Permutt delta-adjustment / tipping-point analysis, pattern-mixture identifying restrictions (CCMV, NCMV, ACMV), and the Cro vs Bartlett variance debate. Use when handling missing primary or secondary endpoint data in regulatory submissions following NRC 2010 and ICH E9(R1).

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Computes sample size and power for clinical trials including continuous, binary, and time-to-event endpoints; superiority, non-inferiority, and equivalence designs; FDA 2016 non-inferiority margin selection with M1/M2 framework; Schoenfeld 1981 and Lakatos 1988 for survival; Schuirmann TOST and 80-125% bioequivalence; minimum clinically important difference (MCID) vs δ distinction. Use when justifying trial size in protocol or SAP per CONSORT 2025 item 16a.

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Performs subgroup and heterogeneous treatment effect (HTE) analyses for clinical trials. Covers Mantel-Haenszel pooling, Breslow-Day, interaction tests in regression, RERI for additive interaction, modern data-adaptive HTE methods (STEPP, SIDES, causal forests, X/R-learners), Bayesian shrinkage (Dixon-Simon, MAP, EXNEX), graphical multiplicity (Bretz-Maurer), and credibility frameworks (Sun BMJ, EMA 2019). Use when analyzing treatment effects across patient subgroups for regulatory submissions or precision-medicine claims.

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Performs time-to-event analysis for clinical trials including Cox proportional hazards regression with PH diagnostics, restricted mean survival time (RMST) under non-PH, competing risks via Fine-Gray vs cause-specific Cox, weighted log-rank and MaxCombo for non-proportional hazards, recurrent events (Andersen-Gill, PWP, WLW), and interval-censored data. Use when analyzing time-to-event endpoints (OS, PFS, DOR, TTR, TTNT) in oncology or other clinical trials.

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Prepares statistical reports for clinical trials following CONSORT 2025, SPIRIT 2025, ICH E9(R1) estimands, and FDA 2023 covariate adjustment guidance. Covers Table 1 generation, analysis populations (ITT/FAS/PP/Safety), the 5 ICH E9(R1) intercurrent-event strategies, MMRM under MAR (mmrm), reference-based MI (rbmi J2R/CR/CIR), Permutt tipping-point sensitivity, and Rubin's-rules vs frequentist variance debate. Use when preparing regulatory submissions, defining estimands, or implementing missing-data sensitivity analyses.

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Performs logistic regression for clinical trial outcomes (binary, ordinal, multinomial) with marginal-vs-conditional estimand reporting per FDA 2023 covariate adjustment guidance, g-computation/standardisation for marginal effects, modified Poisson for RR, Brant test for proportional odds, Firth penalty for separation, and Hauck-Donner detection. Use when modeling binary or ordinal endpoints in confirmatory or exploratory clinical trials.

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Computes and interprets treatment effect measures (OR, RR, RD, HR, NNT) with calibrated confidence intervals (Wilson, Newcombe, Miettinen-Nurminen, MOVER, profile likelihood, Bender NNT) and reports marginal vs conditional estimands per FDA 2023 covariate adjustment guidance. Use when reporting treatment effects in confirmatory trials, comparing effect sizes across studies, or constructing forest plots.

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Estimate causal effects of an exposure on an outcome from GWAS summary statistics using genetic instruments. Implements IVW (fixed/random), MR-Egger, weighted median/mode, MR-RAPS, CAUSE, GSMR-HEIDI, MR-PRESSO, MVMR, MR-Clust, LCV, and LHC-MR via TwoSampleMR, MendelianRandomization, MR-PRESSO, cause, and lhcMR. Use when testing causal direction between traits, evaluating drug-target effects via cis-pQTL/cis-eQTL, performing multivariable mediation MR, distinguishing causation from correlated horizontal pleiotropy, or producing STROBE-MR-compliant sensitivity batteries.

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Tests associations between categorical variables in clinical data using chi-square, Fisher's exact, Boschloo, Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel, and modern McNemar variants with calibrated confidence intervals (Wilson, Newcombe, Miettinen-Nurminen). Use when analyzing categorical outcomes, paired binary endpoints, or testing treatment-outcome independence in confirmatory or exploratory clinical trials.

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Fits structural equation models to GWAS summary statistics using GenomicSEM (Grotzinger 2019), including common-factor models, confirmatory factor models, ESEM, common-factor GWAS with Q_SNP heterogeneity, multivariate Wald tests, and stratified GenomicSEM partitioned heritability. Reconciles results against MTAG multi-trait analysis. Handles sample overlap via the LDSC sampling-covariance matrix, identifies and resolves Heywood cases, and verifies model fit with CFI / RMSEA. Use when modeling latent genetic architecture across correlated traits, running multivariate GWAS on a shared factor, distinguishing factor-mediated from trait-specific SNP effects, or comparing GenomicSEM common-factor results against MTAG when both depend on accurate sampling covariance.

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Estimates bivariate genetic correlation (rg) between traits from GWAS summary statistics or individual-level genotypes using cross-trait LDSC, HDL, LAVA, rho-HESS, GREML-bivariate, Popcorn, and HDL-L. Use when quantifying shared genetic architecture between two traits, screening MR validity before causal inference, distinguishing global from locus-level rg, estimating trans-ancestry rg, separating partial from full causation via LCV gcp, or producing a STROBE-MR-compliant cross-trait sensitivity battery. Cross-trait LDSC intercept absorbs sample overlap and is NOT a bias; HDL is biased under sample overlap above ~5%. High rg between exposure and outcome motivates CHP-aware MR sensitivity (CAUSE, LHC-MR).

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Test whether two or more traits share a causal variant at a locus using Bayesian colocalization (coloc.abf, coloc.susie, HyPrColoc, moloc, eCAVIAR, SMR/HEIDI, PWCoCo, SharePro). Use when integrating GWAS with eQTL/sQTL/pQTL/mQTL, distinguishing shared causal variants from LD-driven coincidence, handling allelic heterogeneity, choosing between single-causal vs multi-causal methods, picking PP.H4 thresholds, running sensitivity over p12, or harmonising summary statistics for colocalization.

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Run remote BLAST searches against NCBI servers using Biopython Bio.Blast.NCBIWWW. Use when identifying unknown sequences, finding homologs, picking the correct BLAST program (blastn/blastp/blastx/tblastn/tblastx/psiblast/megablast/dc-megablast), interpreting Karlin-Altschul E-values, avoiding the max_target_seqs trap (Shah 2019), choosing composition-based statistics, or limiting searches by organism. Covers RID lifecycle, database choice (nt/nr/refseq_select/swissprot), word-size and CBS taxonomy.

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Estimates SNP heritability and partitions it across functional annotations, cell types, and loci from GWAS summary statistics or individual-level genotypes. Implements LDSC, stratified LDSC with the baseline-LD model, Finucane 2018 cell-type prioritization, LDAK SumHer, HDL, HESS local heritability, BOLT-REML, GCTA-GREML, graphREML, and Popcorn cross-population genetic correlation. Use when computing total h2_SNP from summary stats, partitioning heritability across functional categories, prioritizing trait-relevant tissues or cell types from ENCODE/Roadmap chromatin marks, reconciling LDSC vs LDAK enrichment estimates, computing local heritability with HESS, estimating genetic correlation between traits, or producing publication-grade enrichment with calibrated sensitivity to model assumptions.

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Implements multiplicity control for confirmatory clinical trials using graphical procedures (Bretz-Maurer-Hommel), gatekeeping (parallel, serial, mixed), Hochberg/Hommel/Holm with PRDS, and the closed-testing principle (Marcus-Peritz-Gabriel; Goeman 2021 admissibility). Covers FDA Multiple Endpoints Final Guidance (October 2022), graphical procedures via R gMCP, primary + key-secondary + subgroup hierarchies, and FWER vs FDR distinction. Use when designing the multiplicity strategy for confirmatory trials with multiple primary or key secondary endpoints.

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Benchmark multi-agent coordination systems with experiment design, power analysis, human rating protocols, bootstrap confidence intervals, and reproducible reporting. Use for salvage latency, recovery fidelity, coordination overhead, and protocol comparison studies. NOT for ML model benchmarking, web-product A/B testing, survey design, or general-purpose data science.

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Expert-level analytical chemistry knowledge. Use when working with chromatography, spectroscopy, electroanalytical methods, sample preparation, quantitative analysis, calibration, statistics, or instrumental analysis. Also use when the user mentions 'HPLC', 'GC', 'mass spectrometry', 'atomic absorption', 'ICP', 'titration', 'calibration curve', 'detection limit', 'NMR', 'chromatography', 'electrochemistry', 'sample preparation', or 'method validation'.

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Upgrade or synchronize Agent Skills, or determine a Skill's source and ownership across runtimes and roots. Use only for those lifecycle decisions. Do not use for installation, creation or editing, validation, inventory, usage statistics, general audits, cleanup, packaging, publishing, or ordinary file and package work.

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Measure and audit C/C++ code size, namespace distribution, function complexity, nesting, recurrence, and namespace coupling in the EMULATORS framework. Use when Codex needs codebase statistics, complexity baselines, namespace comparisons, duplication indicators, hotspots, architectural growth analysis, or before/after complexity reports while excluding third-party code.

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Analyze the threat landscape using MISP (Malware Information Sharing Platform) by querying event statistics, attribute distributions, threat actor galaxy clusters, and tag trends over time. Uses PyMISP to pull event data, compute IOC type breakdowns, identify top threat actors and malware families, and generate threat landscape reports with temporal trends.

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Choose the design and the numbers a research run can honestly claim — write the structured METHOD RECORD (databases, date of access, search string, criteria, screening counts) that r0 validates, pick the claim strength a design can actually carry, record a statistic as data rather than prose, route to the reporting guideline the design owes, and decide what to preregister. Use when a run's question, design, search or statistics have to be settled before the writing, or when a claim needs a strength or a number attached to it.

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Knowledge base from the NASA Schedule Management Handbook (2024 edition, Revision 2). Use for program/project schedule management of aerospace and large engineering efforts: the five sub-functions (Planning, Development, Assessment & Analysis, Maintenance & Control, Documentation & Communication); the Integrated Master Schedule (IMS) and the WBS/OBS/CBS breakdown structures; the Schedule Management Plan (SMP) and Basis of Estimate (BoE); Critical Path Method, logic, durations, float and margin; tiered schedule assessment (Requirements/Health/Basis checks, the Shock Test) and the Dimensions of Schedule Reliability; Schedule Risk Analysis (SRA), Integrated Cost-Schedule Risk Analysis (ICSRA), Monte Carlo, correlation, merge bias, and the Joint Confidence Level (JCL); baselining, replan vs. rebaseline, EVM schedule metrics (SPI, BEI, CEI, HMI, Earned Schedule, CPLI), and status/progress/forecast reporting. This is NASA's scheduling doctrine grounded in NPR 7120.5 and the GAO Schedule Assessment Guide. Thin on the underlying mechanics of CPM, statistics, and EVM (it points to companion handbooks); aerospace/space-flight-centric; anchored to the 2024 second edition.

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Knowledge base from the DoD Test & Evaluation Enterprise Guidebook (OUSD R&E, August 2022). Use for DoD test and evaluation (T&E) across the Adaptive Acquisition Framework — the four test communities (contractor testing, developmental DT&E, operational OT&E, live-fire LFT&E); the five operational events (Operational Demonstration, EOA, OA, IOT&E, FOT&E) and the OTRR gate; the T&E Strategy / TEMP and its IDSK, with the upstream documents that feed it and the test plans that decompose it; the T&E organizations and oversight roles (USD(R&E), DOT&E, TRMC, the Service Executives and OTAs, the T&E WIPT, CDT); and pathway-specific T&E for all six acquisition pathways (Urgent Capability, Middle Tier, Major Capability, Software, Defense Business Systems). Statutory anchors include 10 U.S.C. §4171 (IOT&E) and §4172 (LFT&E/FUSL). This is guidance, not policy: it points outward to DoDI 5000.89 and the DoDI 5000-series for binding detail, and is thin on detailed test statistics/design-of-experiments methodology, cost estimating, the Acquisition of Services pathway, and any CUI/CAC-gated companion guides.

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