「bi」の検索結果

Estimate bivariate genetic correlation (rg) between traits from GWAS summary statistics or individual-level genotypes using cross-trait LDSC, HDL, LAVA, rho-HESS, GREML-bivariate, Popcorn, and HDL-L. Use when quantifying shared genetic architecture between two traits, screening MR validity before causal inference, distinguishing global from locus-level rg, estimating trans-ancestry rg, separating partial from full causation via LCV gcp, or producing a STROBE-MR-compliant cross-trait sensitivity battery. Cross-trait LDSC intercept absorbs sample overlap and is NOT a bias; HDL is biased under sample overlap above ~5%. High rg between exposure and outcome motivates CHP-aware MR sensitivity (CAUSE, LHC-MR).

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Analyze TF motif accessibility variability across samples or single cells using chromVAR. Use when identifying TF motifs whose accessibility correlates with conditions, computing per-sample motif z-scores after matched background correction, comparing to ArchR / Signac equivalents, or distinguishing motif-accessibility signal from per-site footprinting.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Biopython is a comprehensive set of freely available Python tools for biological computation. It provides functionality for sequence manipulation, file I/O, database access, structural bioinformatics, phylogenetics, and many other bioinformatics tasks.

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Extract AmeriFlux BASE-BADM/BIF crop management records into EcoSIM-editable plant-management and soil-management Excel workbooks that can be converted to EcoSIM NetCDF files. Use when asked to derive EcoSIM planting, harvest, fertilizer, or tillage management inputs from AMF *_BIF_*.xlsx or BIF CSV files, especially for crop sites where management details live in GRP_DM_* records and DM_COMMENT fields.

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Gateway to 400+ bioinformatics skills from bioSkills and ClawBio. Covers genomics, transcriptomics, single-cell, variant calling, pharmacogenomics, metagenomics, structural biology, and more. Fetches domain-specific reference material on demand.

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Verify a released archon binary works end-to-end via a specific install path. Use when: cutting a new release, reproducing a user bug report on the released version, or validating that a hotfix binary actually works after a re-tag. Triggers: "test the release", "test 0.3.1 via brew", "verify the curl install", "smoke test the binary", "did the release binary work", "run /test-release", "verify the release". NOT for: testing dev work (use bun link directly), testing unreleased changes (build locally via scripts/build-binaries.sh first), or running the full validate suite (bun run validate is separate).

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CEO/founder-mode plan review. Rethink the problem, find the 10-star product, challenge premises, expand scope when it creates a better product. Four modes: SCOPE EXPANSION (dream big), SELECTIVE EXPANSION (hold scope + cherry-pick expansions), HOLD SCOPE (maximum rigor), SCOPE REDUCTION (strip to essentials). Use when asked to "think bigger", "expand scope", "strategy review", "rethink this", or "is this ambitious enough". Proactively suggest when the user is questioning scope or ambition of a plan, or when the plan feels like it could be thinking bigger. (gstack)

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Biopython is a comprehensive set of freely available Python tools for biological computation. It provides functionality for sequence manipulation, file I/O, database access, structural bioinformatics, phylogenetics, and many other bioinformatics tasks.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Predict peptide-MHC class II (HLA-DR/DQ/DP) binding and presentation for CD4 T-cell epitopes with NetMHCIIpan-4.3 and MixMHC2pred-2.0. Covers why class II is far less reliable than class I (open binding groove, 9-mer register ambiguity, sparse noisy training data, DR>DP>DQ accuracy asymmetry), the DQ/DP heterodimer alpha/beta pairing trap, and the looser 1%/5% %Rank thresholds. Use when predicting CD4 epitopes for vaccine help, mapping class II neoantigens, or scoring long peptides against DR/DQ/DP. For CD8/class I see mhc-binding-prediction.

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Calls significant loops from protein-directed and targeted 3C assays (HiChIP, PLAC-seq, Capture Hi-C/PCHi-C, ChIA-PET) where the contact background is peak-anchored and coverage-biased, so generic Hi-C loop callers (cooltools dots, Juicer HiCCUPS) use the wrong null. Covers FitHiChIP (config-driven coverage+distance-decay spline regression, peak-to-peak vs peak-to-all foreground, loose vs stringent background, coverage vs ICE bias), MAPS (positive Poisson regression on bias factors for PLAC-seq/HiChIP), hichipper (restriction-site-distance bias model + library QC), CHiCAGO (Delaporte two-component Brownian+technical background for asymmetric bait x other-end Capture Hi-C), the with/without separate-ChIP anchor decision, and differential loops via diffloop. Use when calling loops from HiChIP/PLAC-seq/Capture Hi-C, choosing FitHiChIP/MAPS/CHiCAGO, picking peak-to-all vs peak-to-peak, setting the loop FDR, supplying ChIP peaks as anchors, QCing a HiChIP library, or comparing loops between conditions.

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Maps between gene identifier systems (Ensembl, Entrez, HGNC symbol, UniProt, RefSeq, MANE) using AnnotationDbi, biomaRt, mygene, pyensembl, and Ensembl REST. Encodes Ensembl version stripping with GENCODE _PAR_Y preservation, the Ziemann 2016 Excel autocorrect debacle and Bruford 2020 HGNC renames (SEPT*->SEPTIN*, MARCH*->MARCHF*, MARC*->MTARC*, DEC1->DELEC1), OCT4/POU5F1 alias resolution, biomaRt archive endpoints for release pinning, the `filters` (plural) gotcha, MANE Select for clinical reporting, cross-species orthology via Ensembl Compara / OMA / OrthoDB, and tx2gene construction for tximport. Use when converting gene IDs across systems, handling renamed symbols, building tx2gene, pinning to a specific Ensembl release for reproducibility, or mapping cross-species orthologs.

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Estimates the minimum biological replicates (or cells/events) for a target power at a target FDR in genomics experiments using ssizeRNA, PROPER, powsimR for scRNA-seq, and pilot-data dispersion estimation from DESeq2/edgeR. Covers the biological-versus-technical replication distinction (technical replicates do not add degrees of freedom for biological inference), replicate-number-versus-sequencing-depth budgeting, scRNA-seq sample-versus-cell allocation under a pseudobulk model, and the critique that "n=3" is a publication convention rather than a power calculation. Use when budgeting a sequencing experiment, writing the sample-size justification in a grant, estimating replicates from pilot data, allocating a fixed budget between samples and depth, or planning scRNA-seq cohort size. For clinical-trial sample size see clinical-biostatistics/power-and-sample-size; for the power-given-n direction see experimental-design/power-analysis.

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Detects acquired antimicrobial-resistance determinants and chromosomal point-mutation resistance in bacterial assemblies using AMRFinderPlus, ResFinder 4.0 (acquired + PointFinder), CARD-RGI, abritAMR, staramr, and species-specific callers (TB-Profiler, Mykrobe). Harmonises cross-tool output via hAMRonization, contextualises determinants with mobile-genetic-element annotation (MOB-suite, PlasmidFinder, MobileElementFinder, ICEberg), predicts phenotype against EUCAST or CLSI breakpoints, and translates calls into WHO GLASS reporting categories. Use when screening clinical or surveillance isolates for AMR, distinguishing acquired vs intrinsic vs point-mutation resistance, calling rpoB / katG / pncA / gyrA / mgrB mutations, reconciling AMRFinderPlus vs RGI vs ResFinder disagreement, contextualising carbapenemases or mcr alleles on plasmids, predicting susceptibility from genotype against the WHO Mtb 2nd-edition catalogue, or building a hAMRonized multi-lab AMR surveillance pipeline.

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Quantifies biodiversity from species abundance/incidence tables using Hill numbers (iNEXT) with coverage-based rarefaction-extrapolation (Chao & Jost 2012), asymptotic richness via Chao1/ACE/jackknife as a lower bound, Baselga turnover/nestedness partition with the Podani alternative as sensitivity check, mandatory Hellinger transformation before ordination (Legendre & Gallagher 2001), Faith PD and SES_MPD/SES_MNTD with explicit null-model choice, and Maire 2015 functional-diversity dimensionality optimization. Use when comparing diversity across sites with unequal sampling effort, picking the right richness estimator for singleton-heavy amplicon data, partitioning beta diversity into turnover vs nestedness, reporting Hill-number effective species counts rather than raw entropies, computing SES_MPD with explicit null-model justification, or deciding whether to apply standard metrics to compositional amplicon data. Not for clinical 16S microbiome diversity (see microbiome/diversity-analysis).

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Calls m6A peaks from MeRIP-seq / m6A-seq paired IP-vs-input data using exomePeak2 (transcript-aware, GC-bias-corrected Poisson GLM; Liu 2022 *NAR Genom Bioinform* 4:lqac046), MeTPeak (HMM over sliding windows; Cui 2016 *Bioinformatics* 32:i378), MACS3 / MACS2 with --nomodel --broad --keep-dup all (genome-wide broad alternative), and DRACH motif enrichment confirmation via HOMER or ggseqlogo as a sanity check (NOT a filter). Covers BED12 vs narrowPeak output formats, exonic vs intronic peak handling, multi-tool reconciliation (intersection vs union; cross-caller IDR-equivalent), the m6A-vs-m6Am ambiguity at 5'UTR peaks that antibody-based methods cannot resolve, and orthogonal-validation routes (miCLIP / GLORI / m6A-SAC-seq / m6Anet). Use when calling peaks from paired IP/input genome BAMs, choosing exomePeak2 (transcript-aware default) vs MACS3 (broad genomic) vs MeTPeak (HMM-smoothed low-coverage), confirming DRACH enrichment as a sanity check on the peak set as a whole, reconciling differing peak sets across tools, validating MeRIP peaks against orthogonal single-base methods, interpreting peaks at the 5' end where m6Am contamination is possible, or recommending a multi-tool consensus strategy.

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Find cross-database references between NCBI databases using Biopython Bio.Entrez (ELink). Use when navigating gene to protein/structure, sequence to publication, PubMed to GEO, BioProject to SRA runs, or discovering all link relationships for a record. Covers linkname semantics, cmd= variants, asymmetric link warnings, neighbor_history for >200 input IDs, and per-database link tables.

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Run remote BLAST searches against NCBI servers using Biopython Bio.Blast.NCBIWWW. Use when identifying unknown sequences, finding homologs, picking the correct BLAST program (blastn/blastp/blastx/tblastn/tblastx/psiblast/megablast/dc-megablast), interpreting Karlin-Altschul E-values, avoiding the max_target_seqs trap (Shah 2019), choosing composition-based statistics, or limiting searches by organism. Covers RID lifecycle, database choice (nt/nr/refseq_select/swissprot), word-size and CBS taxonomy.

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Batch effect correction for CRISPR screens covering ComBat empirical-Bayes, RUV, SVA, control-sgRNA normalization, and the model-based alternative of including batch as a covariate in MAGeCK MLE or Chronos. Covers screen-specific batch sources (passage cohort, library lot, infection day, sequencing run, Cas9 lot, FBS lot), PCA + variance-decomposition diagnostic to decide if correction is needed, when correction harms biology by over-correcting condition into batch, limma removeBatchEffect for visualization-only correction, and relationship to multi-condition design matrices. Use when combining screens for joint analysis, when passage cohort confounds biology, when DepMap-style panels need Chronos with batch covariates, when picking ComBat vs RUV, or when correction harms biology and should be replaced with explicit covariate modeling.

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Normalize read-depth copy-ratio profiles and segment them into copy-number regions using circular binary segmentation (CBS, DNAcopy), hidden Markov models, HaarSeg, and fused-lasso methods. Covers GC-content, mappability, and replication-timing (wave-artifact) bias correction, panel-of-normals/PCA denoising, diploid-baseline centering, and algorithm selection by sequencing depth and event size. Use when choosing a segmentation algorithm, correcting depth bias, diagnosing oversegmentation or a mis-centered baseline, tuning CBS or HMM parameters, or understanding why a downstream CNV caller produced fragmented or shifted segments.

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Predict RBP binding from RNA sequence using deep learning models (RBPNet sequence-to-signal, RNAProt RNN, GraphProt2 GCN with structure, DeepCLIP, DeepRiPe multi-modal CNN) for variant-effect prediction, in silico binding-site discovery, model interpretation, and transfer learning from CLIP and RBNS datasets. Use when computational prediction of RBP binding from sequence is needed, evaluating variant effects on binding without further wet-lab experiments, comparing model performance, or training a custom model on ENCODE eCLIP data.

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Model gene-family birth-death dynamics across a species tree using CAFE5 (Mendes et al 2020 Bioinformatics 36:5516 gamma-distributed rate categories), CAFE5-error (annotation-error-aware), Count (Csurös 2010 ancestral state reconstruction), BadiRate (Librado 2012 likelihood + parsimony), DupliPHY-Family, and ALE/AleRax (for per-family DTL; see [[gene-tree-species-tree-reconciliation]]). Test lineage-specific gene-family expansions and contractions, distinguish biological dynamics from annotation artifacts, account for assembly fragmentation, identify functional enrichment in expanded / contracted families. Use when correlating gene-family changes with phenotype evolution, ranking lineages by adaptive gene-family-rate shifts, post-WGD dosage-balance analysis, or building Birth-death models from OrthoFinder presence/absence matrices.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Estimate bivariate genetic correlation (rg) between traits from GWAS summary statistics or individual-level genotypes using cross-trait LDSC, HDL, LAVA, rho-HESS, GREML-bivariate, Popcorn, and HDL-L. Use when quantifying shared genetic architecture between two traits, screening MR validity before causal inference, distinguishing global from locus-level rg, estimating trans-ancestry rg, separating partial from full causation via LCV gcp, or producing a STROBE-MR-compliant cross-trait sensitivity battery. Cross-trait LDSC intercept absorbs sample overlap and is NOT a bias; HDL is biased under sample overlap above ~5%. High rg between exposure and outcome motivates CHP-aware MR sensitivity (CAUSE, LHC-MR).

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Analyze TF motif accessibility variability across samples or single cells using chromVAR. Use when identifying TF motifs whose accessibility correlates with conditions, computing per-sample motif z-scores after matched background correction, comparing to ArchR / Signac equivalents, or distinguishing motif-accessibility signal from per-site footprinting.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。

Use this skill when the user asks about FMCSA's Crash Preventability Determination Program (CPDP) — how to dispute that a crash was non-preventable, eligible crash types, evidence requirements, how preventability findings affect SMS scoring + safety ratings, the difference between "preventability" and "fault," and the National Crash Preventability Program. Cite FMCSA CPDP guidance.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。