china-initiating-coverage

Purpose

Create institutional-quality A股首次覆盖研究报告, following Chinese sell-side research standards.

Data Sources

Primary: iFind MCP (Tier-1 付费) / AkShare MCP (Tier-2 免费备选)

get_stock_info(ticker)                    → Company profile
get_quote(ticker)                        → Current valuation
get_historical_data(ticker)              → Trading history
get_financials(ticker, "income")         → Historical P&L
get_financials(ticker, "balance")        → Historical BS
get_financials(ticker, "cashflow")        → Historical CF
get_industry_stocks(industry="...")       → Peer companies

Secondary Sources

• 巨潮资讯 — official filings (annual reports, prospectus)
• 上交所 / 深交所 — listing documents, announcements
• 公司官网 — investor relations, presentations
• 慧博 / Wind / Choice — consensus estimates
• 券商研报 — existing analyst coverage (if any)
• 行业协会 — industry data

Workflow

Task 1: Company Research

Company overview:

• Business description (主营业务)
• History and development (发展历程)
• Ownership structure (股权结构)
• Management team (管理层)
• Shareholder composition (股东构成)

Business segments:

Segment	Revenue %	Margin	Growth Driver

Key questions to answer:

1. What does the company do? How does it make money?
2. What is its competitive advantage? (护城河)
3. What are the key growth drivers?
4. What are the main risks?
5. Who are the comparable companies?

Task 2: Financial Modeling

Build a financial model (refer to china-3-statement-model skill):

Historical analysis (3-5 years):

Metric	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024E	2025E	2026E
Revenue (亿)
YoY Growth
Gross Margin
Operating Margin
Net Margin
ROE
Net Debt/EBITDA

Key modeling considerations (see china-3-statement-model):

• CAS accounting standards
• 25% tax rate (or 15% for 高新技术企业)
• 千元 vs 元 unit normalization
• 增值税 treatment
• 商誉 flagging
• R&D expense treatment

Task 3: Valuation Analysis

Build comprehensive valuation:

1. DCF (refer to china-dcf skill)

   • WACC with CGB risk-free rate
   • 6-8% China ERP
   • 25% tax rate
   • CNY denominated

2. Comparable companies (refer to china-comps skill)

   • Peer set from same 东方财富 industry
   • PE, PB, PS, EV/EBITDA multiples
   • Regression analysis if >5 peers

3. Precedent transactions (if available)

   • China M&A comparable multiples
   • Control premium analysis

4. Sum-of-the-parts (if multi-segment)

   • Segment-level DCF or multiples
   • Conglomerate discount assessment

Valuation summary:

Method	Value (元/股)	Weight	Rationale
DCF
PE comps
PB comps
EV/EBITDA comps
SOTP
Implied target

Task 4: Chart Preparation

Required charts:

1. Revenue & earnings history

   • 5-year historical + 3-year projected
   • Bar chart: Revenue
   • Overlay: Net income, margins

2. Valuation multiple history

   • PE band (5-year)
   • PB band (5-year)
   • Current vs historical average

3. Peer comparison

   • Scatter: Growth vs Multiple
   • Bar: Key metrics vs peers

4. Share price chart

   • 2-year price history
   • Key events annotated

Chart standards:

• Dark theme or light theme (consistent with firm template)
• Chinese labels where appropriate
• Source: AkShare historical data
• Include A-share specific markers (涨跌停, 财报日期)

Task 5: Report Assembly

Standard A-share initiation report format:

【XX证券】[公司名称]（[代码]）首次覆盖报告：[评级]

投资要点：
  - [3-5 bullet investment highlights]
  - 目标价：¥XX.XX (X% upside/downside)
  - 评级：买入/增持/中性/减持/卖出

一、投资逻辑
   [Core thesis, 2-3 paragraphs]

二、公司分析
   - 业务概述
   - 竞争优势
   - 管理团队
   - 股权结构

三、行业分析
   - 市场规模与增速
   - 竞争格局
   - 政策环境
   - 发展趋势

四、财务分析
   - 历史财务表现
   - 盈利驱动因素
   - 财务健康度
   - 关键假设

五、估值分析
   - 估值方法概述
   - DCF analysis
   - Comparable companies
   - Valuation summary
   - Target price derivation

六、风险提示
   - [Company-specific risks]
   - [Industry risks]
   - [Market risks]
   - [Policy risks]

附录：
   - 财务报表预测
   - 详细估值模型
   - 公司资料

Report length:

• Summary: 1 page
• Full report: 15-30 pages
• Financial model appendix: 10-15 pages

China-Specific Considerations

Rating Conventions (A-share)

Rating	Chinese Equivalent	Implied Return
Buy	买入	>15% upside
Overweight / Accumulate	增持	5-15% upside
Neutral / Hold	中性	-5% to +5%
Underweight / Reduce	减持	-5% to -15%
Sell	卖出	<-15% downside

Note: Some firms use 5-point scale (买入/增持/中性/减持/卖出), others use 3-point (买入/增持/减持).

Coverage Initiation Practices

Pre-initiation checklist:

• Company filings reviewed (年报, 招股说明书)
• Management meeting completed (if possible)
• Industry research thorough
• Peer comparison complete
• Financial model built and validated
• Valuation analysis complete
• Conflicts of interest disclosed

Common initation triggers:

• New IPO (新股)
• IPO quiet period expiry (typically 30-180 days)
• Market cap reaches coverage threshold
• New sector coverage mandate
• Material corporate action (M&A, restructuring)

China-Specific Risks to Highlight

Risk Category	Examples
政策风险	Regulatory changes, industry policy shifts
市场风险	A-share volatility, retail sentiment
流动性风险	Low float, low turnover
公司治理	Related party transactions, pledge risk
行业风险	Overcapacity, demand cyclicality
汇率风险	For exporters/importers
商誉减值	Goodwill impairment risk
质押风险	Share pledge unwinding

Regulatory Compliance

Chinese regulatory requirements for research:

• 投资者适当性管理 (suitability)
• 利益冲突披露 (conflict of interest)
• 研究报告留痕 (research record retention)
• 静默期规定 (quiet period before IPOs)
• 预测免责声明 (disclaimer on estimates)

Quality Checks

Before delivering:

• All financial data sourced from AkShare / 巨潮
• Financial model balanced and validated
• Valuation analysis comprehensive
• Peer comparison adequate (>3 peers)
• Rating and target price justified
• Risk factors comprehensive
• Report follows standard format
• All citations complete
• Compliance disclosures included

Data Source Mode Switch: Set env var IFIND_DATA_SOURCE_MODE to control data source preference.

• ifind-only (strict): Use iFind only, error if unavailable
• ifind-fallback (default): iFind preferred, fallback to AkShare
• akshare-only: Skip iFind, use AkShare only