数据与 AI技能

Assess language models with over 60 academic benchmark tests using consistent prompts and scoring. Compare models, track performance during training, and organize research results with support for HuggingFace models, vLLM, and APIs.

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• Compare models on standard knowledge and reasoning tests
• Track model performance across training checkpoints
• Organize evaluation results for research reports

Configure large language model training across multiple NVIDIA GPUs with Megatron-Core. The skill helps choose how to split models and workloads, set training parameters, monitor performance, and address memory shortages or low GPU utilization.

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• Planning distributed training for a LLaMA-style model
• Distributing MoE expert networks across GPUs
• Tuning GPU utilization and training throughput

Apply HQQ quantization, which stores language model weights using fewer bits without calibration examples. Covers precision settings, inference backends, saving compressed models, deployment with HuggingFace Transformers or vLLM, and further training with LoRA.

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• Compressing a model without calibration data
• Comparing 4-bit and 2-bit quantization settings
• Running quantized models with HuggingFace Transformers or vLLM

Fine-tune language models with TRL using GRPO, a method that compares scored responses to the same prompt. Covers training data, scoring functions, GPU-conscious settings, and monitoring for tasks with measurable correctness or required output formats.

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• Train models to follow JSON or XML output formats
• Reward correct answers in math or coding tasks
• Balance correctness, format, and style during training

Guide language model training with TRL, from learning to follow instructions to matching human preferences. Covers method selection, training data, reward models that score responses, evaluation, and adjustments for memory limits or unstable training.

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• Train a model on instruction and response examples
• Align responses using preferred and rejected answer pairs
• Build a training pipeline using human feedback

Learn how GPT language models work by preparing text, training a small model, and generating samples. Covers CPU experiments, custom datasets, further training of pretrained GPT-2 models, and reproducing GPT-2 with multiple GPUs.

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• Train a small model on Shakespeare using a CPU
• Prepare custom text for model training
• Further train a pretrained GPT-2 model

Prepare training datasets for large language models with GPU-assisted cleaning. Covers duplicate removal, quality filtering, and personal information redaction, with workflows for text, images, video, and audio using NeMo Curator.

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• Clean web data for model training
• Remove exact and near duplicates from large text collections
• Redact personal information from training text

Implement Mamba, a model architecture that processes sequences through an internal state with computation scaling linearly with input length. Covers pretrained text generation, Mamba-1 and Mamba-2 configuration, speed comparisons with Transformers, and GPU memory troubleshooting.

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• Explore models for long sequences or streaming applications
• Generate text with pretrained Mamba models
• Compare Mamba-1 and Mamba-2 configurations

Get guidance on fine-tuning language models with Unsloth, including LoRA and QLoRA methods for training with fewer resources. The skill points to documentation for understanding APIs, implementing training code, debugging problems, and exploring speed and memory optimizations.

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• Exploring faster training with lower memory use
• Learning about LoRA and QLoRA fine-tuning
• Checking Unsloth features and APIs

Organize PyTorch training code with LightningModule and Trainer. This skill guides training, validation, logging, model checkpoint saving, early stopping when progress stalls, and configuration for running the same model across multiple GPUs.

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• Organize existing PyTorch training code
• Add validation and metric logging
• Save the best models and stop stalled training

Add safety checks to LLM applications with NeMo Guardrails. This skill guides input and output validation, detection of attempts to bypass safety rules, personal information masking, and checks for unsupported or inaccurate answers.

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• Detect attempts to bypass an AI app's safety rules
• Mask personal information before processing
• Add fact-checking to generated answers

Set up reinforcement learning, training guided by rewards, for language models with slime. The skill covers Megatron-LM training, SGLang response generation, data preparation, asynchronous execution, and custom workflows for agents that use tools across multiple turns.

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• Prepare GRPO training for GLM or Qwen3 models
• Overlap response generation and model training
• Train agents with multi-turn tool use

Guides experiments that inspect and modify internal values in PyTorch models to study their effects on predictions. Covers local analysis and remote experiments through NDIF for models too large for local GPUs.

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• Inspect internal values and attention patterns across layers
• Replace internal values to compare changes in predictions
• Run large-model experiments without local GPUs

Helps adapt machine learning training to multiple GPUs and machines with Ray Train. Covers resource allocation, recovery from saved training states, and Ray Tune searches that compare settings such as learning rate and batch size.

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• Adapt existing PyTorch training to multiple GPUs
• Run HuggingFace training across multiple machines
• Compare learning rates and batch sizes with Ray Tune

Guides LLM training with verl using rewards to improve model responses. Covers data preparation, reward functions, GRPO and PPO configuration, distributed GPU training, and troubleshooting memory shortages or unstable training.

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• Train math reasoning models with GRPO and answer-based rewards
• Configure PPO training with a separate value-estimation model
• Run large-model training across multiple GPU nodes

Evaluate code generation models with HumanEval, MBPP, and multilingual benchmarks. The skill guides test execution and model comparisons using pass@k, an estimate of whether at least one of k generated solutions passes the tests.

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• Compare code generation models on shared benchmarks
• Measure code generation performance across languages
• Evaluate instruction-tuned coding models

Guides large language model reinforcement learning with miles, including MoE models that route work to specialized components. Covers low-precision training, matching training and inference behavior, and accelerating training response generation with draft models.

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• Setting up reinforcement learning for large MoE models
• Configuring FP8 or INT4 training
• Checking consistency between training and inference

Evaluate language models on knowledge, math, coding, safety, and image understanding benchmarks. The skill guides reproducible runs in containers using local Docker, Slurm clusters, or cloud execution, with shared configurations for model comparison and result export.

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• Comparing models on the same benchmark tasks
• Running a small evaluation sample before a full benchmark
• Running large evaluations on a Slurm cluster

Convert language models to GGUF and reduce their size through quantization, which stores model weights at lower precision. Guides cover compression choices, local inference on CPUs and Apple Silicon, and integration with tools such as Ollama.

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• Running a language model on a CPU-only computer
• Choosing model compression for available memory
• Configuring Metal acceleration on Apple Silicon

Helps fine-tune large language models with LoRA and QLoRA, methods that train small sets of additional parameters. Covers memory-conscious training, configuration choices, saving adapters, and switching task-specific adapters on a shared base model.

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• Fine-tune a model with limited GPU memory
• Choose LoRA settings for a specific task
• Switch task-specific adapters on one base model

Prepare large text collections for AI models with fast tokenizers, which split text into model inputs. Train custom vocabularies, trace tokens to original text positions, adjust input lengths, and integrate the results with transformers.

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• Tokenizing large text collections
• Training a custom vocabulary
• Mapping extracted names or answers back to original text

Configure large language model pretraining with torchtitan across multiple GPUs. Covers ways to split training work, launch jobs on computing clusters, enable Float8 numerical processing, and save or resume training through distributed checkpoints.

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• Pretraining Llama 3.1 8B on eight GPUs
• Configuring multi-node training with SLURM
• Enabling Float8 training on H100 GPUs

Guides LLM fine-tuning with Axolotl, from YAML configuration and dataset formats to distributed training across GPUs. Covers LoRA and QLoRA, methods that train on preferences, multimodal support, and troubleshooting using documentation references and code examples.

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• Prepare YAML settings for LLM fine-tuning
• Explore LoRA, QLoRA, and preference training options
• Check dataset formats and input handling

Guides reinforcement learning, where models learn from rewards, using torchforge and PyTorch. Covers reward design, custom loss functions, and distributed training so researchers can experiment with algorithms while keeping infrastructure concerns separate.

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• Train mathematical reasoning models with GRPO
• Experiment with custom loss functions
• Scale training across multiple GPUs or nodes