调研与学习技能

Use when targeting Water Resources Research (WRR) or deciding whether a hydrology / water-science manuscript fits this venue. Encodes the journal's fit, the quantitative water-science contribution bar, data-and-code deposition expectations, AGU house style, official-submission re-check, and desk-reject heuristics.

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Use when positioning an American Educational Research Journal (AERJ) manuscript in the literature. AERJ readers span the whole field, so the paper must engage the literatures a general education-research audience expects and speak past its own subfield. Builds the positioning argument; it does not write the literature review for you.

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Use when writing the response to an American Educational Research Journal (AERJ) revise-and-resubmit. AERJ R&Rs come back through the handling editor and multiple masked reviewers, so the response must convert each reviewer while keeping the editor confident the revision is convergent. Structures the response letter; it does not fabricate new results.

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Use when targeting Field Crops Research or deciding whether an agronomy / crop-physiology manuscript fits this venue. Encodes the journal's fit, the field-scale multi-environment and replication bar, data-reporting expectations, house style, official-submission re-check, and desk-reject heuristics.

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Use when positioning an American Anthropologist (AA) manuscript against the literature so it reads as a four-field contribution. AA readers span sociocultural, archaeology, biological, and linguistic anthropology, so the paper must engage the conversations they expect and decenter a US/Anglophone-only canon. Stakes the contribution and citational politics; it does not write the lit review.

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Use when you need to understand how American Anthropologist (AA) evaluates a manuscript — editorial screening, anonymous peer review under an ethics of care, the four-field editorial board, decision categories, and how section choice shapes the path. Sets expectations and shapes the paper to survive review; it does not contact editors.

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Use when prose buries the result or the abstract/intro do not land for an American Economic Journal: Microeconomics (AEJ: Micro) manuscript. Applies AEA house style and the theory-paper intro arc; it does not produce the result (see aejmic-theory-model) or build exhibits (see aejmic-tables-figures).

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Use when framing the system and describing the model for an Agricultural Systems (AgSy) manuscript — defining system boundaries, components, hierarchical levels, and feedbacks, then choosing, describing, and calibrating the model (process/simulation, whole-farm, bio-economic, agent-based, or integrated assessment). This is the distinctive core of an AgSy paper. Structures the model and system; it does not run code for you.

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Use when positioning the contribution of an American Economic Review: Insights (AER: Insights) short-format manuscript against the closest published work in one or two tight paragraphs. Stakes the gap concisely; it does not write the full literature review (there is no room for one).

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Use when a model — a full theory paper's argument or the structural/conceptual scaffolding behind an empirical AER: Insights short-format manuscript — needs to be made minimal, so it carries the single insight in a few pages. Keeps only what the insight requires; it does not develop a general framework.

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Use when positioning an Agricultural Systems (AgSy) manuscript against the literature so it reads as a systems contribution. AgSy readers span agronomy, modelling, livestock, economics, environment, and food-system science, so the paper must engage the systems and modelling literatures they expect — not only one subfield. Stakes the contribution; it does not write the lit review.

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Use when the contribution of an American Economic Journal: Microeconomics (AEJ: Micro) manuscript is fuzzy or oversold relative to the closest existing results. Stakes the theorem-relative delta against the nearest theory; it does not build the model (see aejmic-theory-model) or frame the prose (see aejmic-writing-style).

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Use to understand how Agricultural Systems (AgSy) evaluates a manuscript — single-anonymized peer review with a minimum of two reviewers and an editor decision, desk screening for fit and systems content, what reviewers weigh, and the rapid-review track for Perspectives. Sets expectations and shapes the paper to survive review; it does not contact editors.

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Use when the model setup, equilibrium concept, or proof architecture is the bottleneck for an American Economic Journal: Microeconomics (AEJ: Micro) manuscript — the central skill for a theory-first paper. Builds the model to the AEJ: Micro bar (clean, general, well-motivated result); it does not check whether your theorem is correct.

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Use when the marginal contribution of an American Economic Journal: Applied Economics (AEJ: Applied) manuscript is fuzzy or undersold and must be staked precisely against prior applied-micro work. Positions the contribution; it does not fix the identification (aeja-identification) or the prose (aeja-writing-style).

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Use when placing the contribution against the policy-evaluation literature and sharpening it as a policy answer for an AEJ: Economic Policy manuscript. Stakes the contribution and the policy-relevant "so what"; it does not write the full introduction or design the identification.

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Use when the contribution of an American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics (AEJ: Macro) manuscript relative to the macro frontier is fuzzy, contested, or undersold. Frames the marginal contribution against quantitative-theory and identified-empirical literatures; it does not fix the identification or the model itself.

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Use when situating an Administrative Science Quarterly (ASQ) manuscript within organization-theory conversations and sharpening the gap/tension it addresses. Positions the argument; it does not develop the core theory or write the methods.

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Use when writing or verifying the institutional / accounting-standard / regulatory background for a 《会计研究》 (Accounting Research) manuscript — getting standard clauses, regulatory rules, and effective dates exactly right, since precise institutional detail is a defining bar of this journal. Use before measurement and identification.

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Use when you must identify which theoretical conversation an Academy of Management Review (AMR) manuscript enters and how it "challenges and extends" that conversation. Positions the argument within a literature; it does NOT summarize the field (AMR punishes review-essays) and does NOT build the new theory (that is amr-theory-development).

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Use when situating an Accounting, Organizations and Society (AOS) manuscript in the literature — entering one of the journal's own long-running conversations, engaging the interdisciplinary sources (organization theory, sociology, psychology) those conversations draw on, and marking precisely what the paper adds. Positions the argument; it does not build the theory itself (aos-theory-development).

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Use when reasoning about how an ACL paper travels through ACL Rolling Review and conference commitment, covering reviewer and area-chair roles, meta-reviews, the commitment decision by senior area chairs and program chairs, Findings versus main-conference outcomes, ethics review escalation, and resubmission strategy across cycles.

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Use when finalizing tables and figures for a 《会计研究》 (Accounting Research) manuscript — keeping the main table lean, reporting coefficients with the right precision, and interpreting economic magnitude (not just significance stars) for accounting measures. Use after robustness is settled.

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Use when framing or sharpening a topic for 《会计研究》 (Accounting Research) — turning a generic "X affects Y" empirical idea into an accounting contribution anchored in China's institutional setting, accounting theory, and standard-setting / practice relevance. Use before literature review.

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