This skill advises against using a single 24-hour CGM target <140 mg/dL when managing glucose in pregnancy for patients with preexisting diabetes. Trigger when a clinician is determining CGM-based glucose targets for pregnant individuals with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
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Confirms patient understands that continuous glucose monitoring complements but does not replace self-monitoring of blood glucose. Triggers include: 'Clarify CGM role alongside fingersticks', 'Ensure patient knows CGM does not eliminate need for SMBG'.
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This skill recommends regularly evaluating for corticotroph tumor progression using pituitary MRIs and ACTH levels in patients with known Cushing's disease who underwent bilateral adrenalectomy and in patients undergoing this procedure for presumed occult ectopic ACTH secretion. Triggers include postoperative follow‑up after bilateral adrenalectomy, rising ACTH levels, or new pituitary lesion on MRI suggestive of tumor progression.
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This skill recommends obtaining a postoperative pituitary MRI within 1–3 months after successful transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) to establish a new baseline for future recurrence assessment. Use when a Cushing’s syndrome patient has achieved biochemical remission post‑TSS and is entering routine follow‑up.
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This skill recommends measuring late-night salivary or serum cortisol to screen for Cushing's disease recurrence in patients with eucortisolism after transsphenoidal surgery, including cases where eucortisolism was established by medical treatment prior to surgery. Use when postoperative follow-up shows eucortisolism (normal morning cortisol/UFC) but concern for recurrence exists.
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This skill recommends follow-up morning cortisol and/or ACTH stimulation tests or insulin-induced hypoglycemia to assess HPA axis recovery in postoperative Cushing's syndrome patients with at least one intact adrenal gland. Triggers include postoperative remission (morning cortisol <5 µg/dL or UFC <28–56 nmol/d) and the need to evaluate HPA recovery before glucocorticoid discontinuation.
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This skill recommends obtaining serum free T4 and prolactin levels within 1–2 weeks after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) for Cushing's syndrome to screen for overt hypopituitarism. Use in postoperative Cushing's syndrome patients during the early recovery window when evaluating for new pituitary hormone deficiencies.
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This skill recommends glucocorticoid replacement and patient education for hypocortisolemic patients after surgical remission of Cushing's syndrome. Use when a postoperative Cushing's patient exhibits low cortisol (e.g., morning cortisol <5 µg/dL) or symptoms of adrenal insufficiency.
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This skill suggests follow-up tests for specific comorbidities associated with Cushing's syndrome in patients with adrenal adenoma when CT density is less than 10 Hounsfield units. Use when managing a post-adrenalectomy Cushing's syndrome patient with confirmed adrenal adenoma pathology and low-density imaging (<10 HU).
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This skill recommends educating patients and families about the clinical features of remission in Cushing's syndrome when a patient achieves biochemical remission after treatment. Use when a CS patient has postoperative normal cortisol levels, reports symptom improvement, and requires guidance on long-term expectations and monitoring for recurrence.
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This skill recommends that all patients with Cushing’s syndrome receive monitoring and adjunctive treatment for cortisol-dependent comorbidities including psychiatric disorders, diabetes, hypertension, hypokalemia, infections, dyslipidemia, osteoporosis, and poor physical fitness. Apply when managing any CS patient to address associated health issues; triggers include confirmed or suspected hypercortisolism, preoperative evaluation, postoperative follow‑up, or persistent hypercortisolism despite treatment.
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This skill recommends discontinuing glucocorticoid when the response to HPA axis recovery tests (morning cortisol, ACTH stimulation, or insulin-induced hypoglycemia) is normal, indicating adequate adrenal function recovery. Use in postoperative Cushing’s syndrome patients with at least one intact adrenal gland when test results are available.
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Recommends steroidogenesis inhibitors as second-line treatment after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) in Cushing's disease, as primary therapy for occult or metastatic ectopic ACTH syndrome (EAS), and as adjunctive cortisol reduction in adrenocortical carcinoma. Use when evaluating CS patients post‑TSS, with occult/metastatic EAS, or ACC; triggers include “persistent hypercortisolism after TSS,” “occult EAS,” and “adjunctive for ACC.”
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This skill recommends against initiating cortisol-lowering treatment when there is no established diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome. It is triggered when a clinician considers treating suspected CS based only on borderline biochemical abnormalities or nonspecific signs without confirmatory testing; examples include "suspected CS", "borderline UFC", "no confirmed diagnosis", "consider empiric ketoconazole".
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This skill recommends against initiating treatments aimed at normalizing cortisol or its action when only borderline biochemical abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are present without specific signs of Cushing's syndrome. Use when encountering borderline urinary free cortisol, late-night salivary cortisol, or dexamethasone suppression test results without classic Cushingoid features; triggers include borderline UFC (1-2× ULN), equivocal late-night salivary cortisol, or nondiagnostic low-dose DST.
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This skill recommends obtaining an oncology consultation to direct treatment of the underlying malignancy causing hypercalcemia of malignancy. It is triggered when a clinician diagnoses HCM and seeks guidance on coordinating cancer‑directed therapy.
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This skill recommends using biochemical tests to screen for hypercortisolism to detect recurrence in patients with ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome after surgical remission. It is triggered during postoperative follow-up when the HPA axis has recovered, annually, or sooner if clinical signs of hypercortisolism (e.g., weight gain, hypertension, glucose intolerance) or abnormal late-night salivary cortisol/UFC appear.
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This skill recommends measuring serum sodium several times during the first 5–14 days after transsphenoidal surgery to detect and manage electrolyte disturbances such as postoperative hyponatremia and diabetes insipidus. Use when managing a post-TSS Cushing’s syndrome patient in the early recovery phase; triggers include postoperative day 5–10 hyponatremia, polyuria, fluid intake‑output imbalance, or suspected diabetes insipidus.
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This skill suggests perioperative prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in patients with Cushing's syndrome undergoing surgery. Use when preparing a CS patient for any surgical procedure; triggers include "CS patient pre-op", "Cushing's syndrome surgery", "perioperative VTE prophylaxis CS".
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This skill recommends that a multidisciplinary team, including an experienced endocrinologist, incorporates patient values and preferences while providing education about treatment options for Cushing’s syndrome. Use when planning treatment for a CS patient requiring coordinated care; triggers include persistent hypercortisolism after transsphenoidal surgery, consideration of bilateral adrenalectomy, radiotherapy, or medical therapy, and need for shared decision‑making.
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This skill provides structured education to patients and families about Cushing's syndrome pathophysiology, treatment options, and post-remission expectations. It is triggered when a clinician encounters a new Cushing's syndrome patient or family needing disease information, such as at initial diagnosis or before treatment initiation.
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This skill suggests pituitary-directed medical treatments (e.g., cabergoline, pasireotide) for patients with Cushing's disease who are not surgical candidates or have persistent disease after transsphenoidal surgery. Use when a CD patient cannot undergo surgery or has residual disease post-TSS; triggers include "not a surgical candidate", "persistent disease after TSS", "ongoing hypercortisolism despite prior surgery".
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This skill recommends measuring serum cortisol or urine free cortisol off-medication at 6- to 12-month intervals to assess radiation therapy effect in patients with Cushing's syndrome undergoing or post-radiotherapy. It is also indicated when patients on stable medical therapy develop new adrenal insufficiency symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, or hypotension.
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This skill suggests medical therapy to block aberrant hormone receptors for bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (BMAH) when surgery is not preferred or feasible. Consider this approach in patients with confirmed BMAH and evidence of aberrant hormone receptor expression (e.g., GIP, LH/hCG, serotonin) driving cortisol excess.
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