Python API v2 for Opentrons OT-2/Flex liquid handlers: protocols as Python files with metadata and run(); control pipettes, labware, and modules (thermocycler, heater-shaker, magnetic, temperature). Simulate via opentrons_simulate then upload. Use PyLabRobot for vendor-agnostic scripts (Hamilton, Tecan).
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Low-level Python plotting for scientific figures: publication-quality line, scatter, bar, heatmap, contour, 3D; multi-panel layouts; fine control of every element. PNG/PDF/SVG export. Use seaborn for quick stats, plotly for interactive.
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Python bridge to ImageJ2/Fiji for macros, plugins (Bio-Formats, TrackMate, Analyze Particles), NumPy↔ImagePlus/ImgLib2 exchange, and ImageJ Ops. Automates Fiji headlessly from Python. Use scikit-image for pure Python without Fiji plugins; napari for visualization.
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Computer vision for bio-image preprocessing, feature detection, real-time microscopy. Color conversion, morphology, contour/blob detection, template matching, optical flow on fluorescence/brightfield. 10-100× faster than pure Python via C++. Use scikit-image for scientific morphometry/regionprops; OpenCV for real-time, video, classical feature extraction.
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Parse/write FCS (Flow Cytometry) files v2.0-3.1. Events as NumPy, channel metadata, multi-dataset files, CSV/FCS export. Use FlowKit for gating/compensation.
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DL cell/nucleus segmentation for fluorescence and brightfield microscopy. Pre-trained models (cyto3, nuclei, tissuenet) and a generalist flow-based algorithm segment cells without retraining. Outputs label masks for morphology and tracking. Use scikit-image watershed for rule-based; Cellpose when DL generalization across staining is needed.
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3Dmol.js WebGL molecular visualization emitted as self-contained HTML. Render structures (PDB/SDF/XYZ/MOL2/cube) with stick, sphere, cartoon, line, and surface styles; animate trajectories with a frame-delay (interval, ms) control; and animate vibrational normal modes via vibrate() from per-atom dx/dy/dz displacements or from precomputed frames. Output standalone HTML that loads 3Dmol from a CDN, with optional play/pause and speed controls. Use for transition-state imaginary-mode animations, MD or reaction-path playback, docking poses, and orbital/density isosurfaces. For static 2D chemical structure drawings use rdkit-chemdraw-cdxml; for 2D statistical plots use matplotlib or plotly.
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Assemble multiple plots into ONE publication-ready multi-panel journal figure (e.g. Figure 1 with panels A, B, C). Use whenever the user asks to combine, compose, or lay out several plots as a single composite figure — newly plotted from data or from already-rendered panels the user supplies (PNG/PDF). Ask the user to pick one of two approaches: (1) redraw every panel into one unified figure using independent, tightly packed `subfigures` (each sized to its own labels, so axes need NOT align), consistent style, correctly placed panel letters, and per-panel legends/colorbars; (2) composite already-rendered PNG/PDF panels onto a mosaic canvas and add panel letters (image compositing, not plotting). Both export vector PDF + high-DPI PNG. For a SINGLE plot from a data table, use the sibling `omics-plotting` skill instead.
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omics-plotting: publication-style figure authoring for omics / bioinformatics results with matplotlib / seaborn. Read this before writing any plotting or figure code in any omics analysis — RNA-seq, proteomics, single-cell, variant, or database results — not only when a plot is explicitly requested: whenever an analysis will produce a figure, load this first and follow its recipes. Covers volcano, MA, expression / correlation heatmap, GSEA bar / dot plot, box / violin / bar / ridgeline, PCA / UMAP / t-SNE scatter, Kaplan–Meier, Manhattan / QQ / forest. Supplies a shared journal-ready style and copy-paste recipes so every figure looks like one consistent system. To combine several plots into ONE multi-panel composite figure, use the sibling `multipanel` skill.
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Interactive scientific visualization with Plotly. Two APIs: plotly.express (px) for one-liner DataFrame plots, plotly.graph_objects (go) for trace-level control. 40+ chart types with hover, zoom, pan, animation. Exports HTML or static PNG/SVG/PDF via kaleido. Use for volcano plots with gene hover, dose-response dashboards, expression heatmaps, 3D molecular views. Use seaborn for stats; matplotlib for publication figures.
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Guide for choosing and creating scientific visualizations for publications and talks. Covers chart-type selection by data structure, color theory for accessibility/print, figure composition, journal formatting (Nature, Cell, ACS), and common pitfalls. Consult when visualizing data or preparing submission figures.
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Statistical visualization on matplotlib with native pandas support. Auto aggregation, CIs, grouping for distributions (histplot, kdeplot), categorical (boxplot, violinplot), relational (scatterplot, lineplot), regression (regplot, lmplot), matrix (heatmap, clustermap), grids (pairplot, FacetGrid). Use for quick statistical summaries; matplotlib for fine control; plotly for interactive HTML.
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GRN inference from expression via GRNBoost2 (gradient boosting) or GENIE3 (Random Forest). Load matrix, filter by TFs, infer TF-target-importance links, save network. Dask-parallelized to single-cell scale. Core SCENIC component.
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Molecular biology toolkit: sequence manipulation, FASTA/GenBank/PDB I/O, NCBI Entrez, BLAST automation, pairwise/MSA alignment, Bio.PDB, phylogenetic trees. Use for batch processing, custom pipelines, format conversion, PubMed/GenBank queries. For quick gene lookups use gget; for multi-service REST APIs use bioservices.
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Biopython sequence analysis: parse FASTA/FASTQ/GenBank/GFF (SeqIO), NCBI Entrez (esearch/efetch/elink), remote/local BLAST, pairwise/MSA alignment (PairwiseAligner, MUSCLE/ClustalW), phylogenetic trees (Phylo). Use for gene family studies, phylogenomics, comparative genomics, NCBI pipelines. For PCR/restriction/cloning use biopython-molecular-biology; for SAM/BAM use pysam.
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De novo and known TF motif enrichment in ChIP-seq/ATAC-seq peaks via HOMER. findMotifsGenome.pl finds over-represented patterns vs background; annotatePeaks.pl assigns context (TSS distance, gene, repeat). Use after MACS3 to identify enriched TFs, annotate peaks with nearest genes, and validate ChIP-seq via the target motif.
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Poisson-model peak caller for ChIP-seq/ATAC-seq BAMs. MACS3 callpeak finds enriched regions (TF sites or histone marks) vs input/IgG; outputs BED narrowPeak/broadPeak for motif analysis, annotation, and differential binding. Use narrow peaks for TF ChIP-seq and ATAC-seq; broad for H3K27me3, H3K9me3, and other broad marks.
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Python library for biology: sequence manipulation (DNA/RNA/protein), pairwise/multiple alignment, phylogenetic trees (NJ, UPGMA), diversity (Shannon, Faith PD, Bray-Curtis, UniFrac), ordination (PCoA, CCA, RDA), stats (PERMANOVA, ANOSIM, Mantel), file I/O (FASTA, FASTQ, Newick, BIOM). Use for microbiome, community ecology, or phylogenetics.
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Python statistical modeling: regression (OLS, WLS, GLM), discrete (Logit, Poisson, NegBin), time series (ARIMA, SARIMAX, VAR), with rigorous inference, diagnostics, and hypothesis tests. Use scikit-learn for ML; statistical-analysis for test choice.
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Time-to-event modeling with scikit-survival: Cox PH (elastic net), Random Survival Forests, Boosting, SVMs for censored data. C-index, Brier, time-dependent AUC; Kaplan-Meier, Nelson-Aalen, competing risks. Pipeline/GridSearchCV compatible. Use statsmodels for frequentist, pymc for Bayesian, lifelines for parametric.
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Benchling R&D Python SDK: CRUD on registry entities (DNA, RNA, proteins, custom), inventory, ELN, workflow automation. Needs Benchling account and API key. Use biopython for local sequence analysis; pubchem for chemical DBs.
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protocols.io REST API: search and fetch wet-lab, bioinformatics, and clinical protocols by keyword, DOI, or category, with steps, reagents, materials, equipment, timing. Public access free; auth needed for private or publishing. Pair with opentrons-protocol-api or benchling-integration to execute.
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Protocols and best practices for western blot quantification and analysis including band detection, normalization, and statistical methods.
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WSI processing for digital pathology. Tissue detection, tile extraction (random, grid, score-based), filter pipelines for H&E/IHC. For dataset prep, tile-based DL, slide QC. Use pathml for multiplexed imaging.
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