“circular”的搜索结果

Knowledge base from the FAA System Safety Handbook (Dec 30, 2000). Use for system safety as a specialty within systems engineering: the five-step safety risk management process (mandated by FAA Order 8040.4 and the AMS), the severity-by-likelihood risk matrix and acceptance bands, the Safety Order of Precedence, system-description models (5M, SHEL(L)), the hazard-analysis activities (PHL/PHA/RHA/SSHA/SHA/O&SHA/HHA), integrated system hazard analysis, the analysis techniques (FTA, FMEA/FMECA, Fault Hazard, Common Cause, Sneak Circuit, Energy Trace), closed-loop hazard tracking (Safety Action Record), and the specialty domains the handbook covers — acquisition-lifecycle safety and contracting (OSA/CSA/SSPP/ISSPP), software safety (control-capability ranking, SHCM, DO-178B), test & evaluation safety, facilities safety, commercial launch safety (AST licensing, expected casualty, MPL/DAMP), system safety training, and Operational Risk Management (ORM) with human/organizational factors. Scope limits: this is a year-2000 FAA how-to; it predates the modern FAA/ICAO Safety Management System (SMS) and Just Culture regulatory frameworks, and many cited orders, advisory circulars, and launch-licensing rules have since been restructured. It is FAA/NAS-centric, leans on MIL-STD-882C, and does not define the SE life-cycle processes themselves (use nasa-npr-7123 / dau-se-guidebook) or reproduce third-party standard text (MIL-STD-882, DO-178B, ISO/IEC/IEEE).

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Системные и ориентированные на решение методы: чудесный вопрос, шкалирование, поиск исключений, циркулярные вопросы, гипотетические вопросы, вопросы на ухудшение, вопросы на преодоление. Объединено из solution-focused-therapy и systemic-questioning.

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系统化与焦点解决方法：奇迹提问、刻度提问、例外探索、循环提问、假设性提问、恶化提问、应对提问。合并自 solution-focused-therapy 与 systemic-questioning。

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システム質問技法：リフレクションと視点の拡張のための循環質問、スケーリング質問、ミラクル・クエスチョン、例外質問。

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Техники системных вопросов: циркулярные вопросы, шкалирующие вопросы, вопрос о чуде и вопросы об исключениях для рефлексии и расширения перспектив.

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系统提问技术：循环提问、刻度提问、奇迹提问和例外提问，用于自我反思与视角拓宽。

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システム療法および解決志向アプローチの手法：ミラクル・クエスチョン、スケーリング、例外の探索、サーキュラー・クエスチョン、仮定の質問、悪化の質問、コーピング・クエスチョン。solution-focused-therapy および systemic-questioning から統合。

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Performs architectural code reviews focusing on design patterns, duplication, circular dependencies, and refactoring impact. Is the design consistent with the codebase? Use when reviewing code changes for architectural concerns, code smells, or structural issues.

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Analyze Swift Package Manager dependencies, package plugins, module variants, and CI-oriented build overhead that slow Xcode builds. Use when a developer suspects packages, plugins, or dependency graph shape are hurting clean or incremental build performance, mentions SPM slowness, package resolution time, build plugin overhead, duplicate module builds from configuration drift, circular dependencies between modules, oversized modules needing splitting, or modularization best practices.

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Assigns GO terms, Pfam/InterPro domains, KEGG orthologs, EC numbers, and product names to predicted proteins using eggNOG-mapper (orthology), InterProScan (domain signatures), and KofamScan (KEGG), routing specialized functions to dbCAN/antiSMASH/AMRFinderPlus/SignalP. Covers the orthology-vs-domain-vs-homology paradigms, the annotation-error percolation cascade, domain-presence-is-not-function, GO IEA circularity in enrichment, evidence tiering, and bit-score/coverage thresholds. Use when adding functional annotation to predicted genes, choosing between eggNOG-mapper and InterProScan, or judging how much to trust a functional label.

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Tests whether two genomic interval sets overlap (colocalize) more than expected by chance using a permutation test against a structured-genome null model. Covers bedtools fisher (analytic 2x2 screen), bedtools shuffle + jaccard permutation, GAT (isochore/GC-conditioned simulation with FDR), regioneR (flexible permutation, randomizeRegions vs circularRandomizeRegions, localZScore), LOLA (universe-relative Fisher against a region database), and GREAT/rGREAT (regulatory-domain binomial + hypergeometric for ontology-from-regions). Stresses the universe/background choice, matched background, blacklist exclusion, and multiple-testing control. Use when asking whether peaks/regions are enriched at enhancers/TFBS/features, scoring region-set colocalization or region-set enrichment, comparing CNV/SV concordance, or turning an overlap count into a defensible p-value.

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Evaluates genome assembly quality across the three orthogonal axes - contiguity (QUAST auN/NG50/NGx, not bare N50), completeness (BUSCO/compleasm gene-space plus Merqury k-mer completeness), and correctness (reference-free Merqury QV, Inspector/CRAQ structural errors, asmgene false-duplication/collapse). Covers why N50 is the most-gamed metric, why QV measured on the polishing reads is circular, distinguishing uncollapsed haplotigs from real WGD, and the EBP/VGP 6.C.Q40 standard. Use when judging whether an assembly is good enough to annotate or publish, comparing assemblers, diagnosing a fragmented or duplicated assembly, or assessing a phased diploid assembly.

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Normalize read-depth copy-ratio profiles and segment them into copy-number regions using circular binary segmentation (CBS, DNAcopy), hidden Markov models, HaarSeg, and fused-lasso methods. Covers GC-content, mappability, and replication-timing (wave-artifact) bias correction, panel-of-normals/PCA denoising, diploid-baseline centering, and algorithm selection by sequencing depth and event size. Use when choosing a segmentation algorithm, correcting depth bias, diagnosing oversegmentation or a mis-centered baseline, tuning CBS or HMM parameters, or understanding why a downstream CNV caller produced fragmented or shifted segments.

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Debug Spring Boot issues systematically. Use when encountering bean errors like NoSuchBeanDefinitionException, circular dependency issues, application startup failures, JPA/Hibernate problems including LazyInitializationException and N+1 queries, security misconfigurations causing 403 Forbidden errors, property binding failures, CSRF token issues, or any Spring Boot application requiring diagnosis with Actuator endpoints and JVM debugging.

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Assigns GO terms, Pfam/InterPro domains, KEGG orthologs, EC numbers, and product names to predicted proteins using eggNOG-mapper (orthology), InterProScan (domain signatures), and KofamScan (KEGG), routing specialized functions to dbCAN/antiSMASH/AMRFinderPlus/SignalP. Covers the orthology-vs-domain-vs-homology paradigms, the annotation-error percolation cascade, domain-presence-is-not-function, GO IEA circularity in enrichment, evidence tiering, and bit-score/coverage thresholds. Use when adding functional annotation to predicted genes, choosing between eggNOG-mapper and InterProScan, or judging how much to trust a functional label.

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Evaluates genome assembly quality across the three orthogonal axes - contiguity (QUAST auN/NG50/NGx, not bare N50), completeness (BUSCO/compleasm gene-space plus Merqury k-mer completeness), and correctness (reference-free Merqury QV, Inspector/CRAQ structural errors, asmgene false-duplication/collapse). Covers why N50 is the most-gamed metric, why QV measured on the polishing reads is circular, distinguishing uncollapsed haplotigs from real WGD, and the EBP/VGP 6.C.Q40 standard. Use when judging whether an assembly is good enough to annotate or publish, comparing assemblers, diagnosing a fragmented or duplicated assembly, or assessing a phased diploid assembly.

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Tests whether two genomic interval sets overlap (colocalize) more than expected by chance using a permutation test against a structured-genome null model. Covers bedtools fisher (analytic 2x2 screen), bedtools shuffle + jaccard permutation, GAT (isochore/GC-conditioned simulation with FDR), regioneR (flexible permutation, randomizeRegions vs circularRandomizeRegions, localZScore), LOLA (universe-relative Fisher against a region database), and GREAT/rGREAT (regulatory-domain binomial + hypergeometric for ontology-from-regions). Stresses the universe/background choice, matched background, blacklist exclusion, and multiple-testing control. Use when asking whether peaks/regions are enriched at enhancers/TFBS/features, scoring region-set colocalization or region-set enrichment, comparing CNV/SV concordance, or turning an overlap count into a defensible p-value.

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Normalize read-depth copy-ratio profiles and segment them into copy-number regions using circular binary segmentation (CBS, DNAcopy), hidden Markov models, HaarSeg, and fused-lasso methods. Covers GC-content, mappability, and replication-timing (wave-artifact) bias correction, panel-of-normals/PCA denoising, diploid-baseline centering, and algorithm selection by sequencing depth and event size. Use when choosing a segmentation algorithm, correcting depth bias, diagnosing oversegmentation or a mis-centered baseline, tuning CBS or HMM parameters, or understanding why a downstream CNV caller produced fragmented or shifted segments.

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Application architecture patterns and code organization — clean architecture, hexagonal architecture, feature-based structure, dependency inversion, module boundaries, SOLID principles at module scale. Activate on "clean architecture", "hexagonal architecture", "feature-based structure", "dependency inversion", "module boundaries", "architecture pattern", "folder structure", "fat controller", "circular dependency", "IoC container". NOT for microservice decomposition (use microservices-patterns) or database schema design (use database-design-patterns).

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Using AutoFixture to automatically generate test data basic skill. Used when quickly generating test objects, reducing boilerplate code, and implementing anonymous testing. Covers Fixture.Create, CreateMany, circular reference handling, and xUnit integration. Keywords: autofixture, fixture, auto-generate test data, test data generation, anonymous testing, anonymous testing, fixture.Create, CreateMany, fixture.Build, Create<T>, AutoFixture.Xunit2, OmitOnRecursionBehavior, IFixture, generate test data, generate test data

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