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pair-trading

Build a pair trading strategy for two related instruments using their price ratio. Measure how far the ratio moves from its recent average, generate opposite buying and selling signals, and close positions when the ratio returns near that average.

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Pair trading strategy. Trades mean reversion using the spread/ratio Z-score of two correlated instruments. Requires at least two instruments.

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适用场景

  • Test a pair trade between two stocks in the same industry
  • Build a BTC/ETH price ratio strategy
  • Set entry and exit thresholds for a pair trade
  • Align dates and check opposing trade signals

包含的文件(2)

  • SKILL.md2.5 KB
  • example_signal_engine.py4.7 KB

SKILL.md(原文)

安装前可以查看交给 AI 代理的指令内容。

Pair Trading Strategy

Purpose

Select two highly correlated instruments (such as stocks from the same industry or BTC/ETH), monitor how far their price ratio (or spread) deviates from the mean, and trade against extreme deviations while waiting for mean reversion.

Signal Logic

  1. Compute the price ratio: ratio = close_A / close_B
  2. Rolling mean and standard deviation: mean = ratio.rolling(lookback).mean(), std = ratio.rolling(lookback).std()
  3. Z-score: z = (ratio - mean) / std
  4. Signal generation:
    • Z < -entry_z → long A, short B (ratio is too low, expected to revert)
    • Z > +entry_z → short A, long B (ratio is too high, expected to revert)
    • |Z| < exit_z → close the position (reverted back near the mean)

Implementation Notes

  • Pair trading requires exactly two instruments (codes array length = 2)
  • The first instrument is A (leg1), and the second is B (leg2)
  • Signals for A and B are opposite: when A is long, B is short, and vice versa
  • Equal-weight allocation only: A and B each take 50% of capital, with no precise hedge-ratio calculation

Parameters

ParameterDefaultDescription
lookback60Lookback window for mean and standard deviation
entry_z2.0Entry Z-score threshold
exit_z0.5Exit Z-score threshold

Example config.json

{
  "source": "tushare",
  "codes": ["601318.SH", "601628.SH"],
  "start_date": "2023-01-01",
  "end_date": "2024-12-31",
  "initial_cash": 1000000,
  "commission": 0.001,
  "extra_fields": null
}

Cryptocurrency version:

{
  "source": "okx",
  "codes": ["BTC-USDT", "ETH-USDT"],
  "start_date": "2024-01-01",
  "end_date": "2024-12-31",
  "initial_cash": 1000000,
  "commission": 0.001,
  "extra_fields": null
}

Common Pitfalls

  • codes must contain exactly 2 instruments, no more and no less
  • The date indexes of the two instruments must be aligned (use an inner join), otherwise the ratio calculation will be wrong
  • Before the lookback window is filled, Z-scores are NaN, so fill signals with 0
  • Do not generate same-direction signals for both A and B; pair trading is fundamentally a long-short hedge

Dependencies

pip install pandas numpy

Signal Convention

  • Instrument A: 0.5 = long, -0.5 = short, 0 = flat
  • Instrument B: direction is opposite to A

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