Expert-level air quality engineering covering pollutant sources, atmospheric dispersion, air quality standards, emission controls, and air quality modeling.
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Criteria pollutants: CO, NOx, SOx, PM2.5, PM10, ozone, lead under NAAQS. HAPs: hazardous air pollutants, 187 listed under Clean Air Act. GHGs: CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs regulated under climate policy. NAAQS: national ambient air quality standards, primary and secondary standards. AQI: air quality index 0-500, communicates health risk to public.
Point sources: stacks, vents, identifiable single emission points. Area sources: fugitive emissions, agricultural, small sources aggregated. Mobile sources: vehicles, aircraft, trains, significant urban contribution. Emission factors: AP-42 database provides emission factors by source category. Continuous monitoring: CEMS measure emissions in real time for major sources.
Gaussian plume: C = Q over 2 pi sigma_y sigma_z u times exponential terms. Stability classes: Pasquill-Gifford A through F, neutral D most common. Mixing height: limits vertical dispersion, varies diurnally. AERMOD: EPA preferred model for near-field dispersion from industrial sources. CALPUFF: Lagrangian puff model for long range and complex terrain.
Electrostatic precipitator: charge and collect particles, over 99% efficiency. Fabric filter: baghouse, PM control, efficiency depends on fabric and cleaning. Wet scrubber: spray liquid absorbs gas pollutants and large particles. SCR: selective catalytic reduction, NOx control using ammonia over catalyst. Thermal oxidizer: combust VOCs and HAPs at high temperature.
| Pitfall | Fix |
|---|---|
| Default met data instead of site-specific | Use on-site or nearest representative met station |
| Ignoring building downwash | Include building downwash for stacks near tall structures |
| Wrong emission factor for source type | Match AP-42 table to actual process conditions |
| Missing fugitive emissions | Fugitive sources often exceed stack emissions |
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Expert-level abstract algebra knowledge. Use when working with groups, rings, fields, modules, Galois theory, representation theory, or algebraic structures. Also use when the user mentions 'group', 'ring', 'field', 'homomorphism', 'isomorphism', 'normal subgroup', 'quotient group', 'Sylow theorem', 'Galois theory', 'polynomial ring', 'ideal', 'module', 'vector space', or 'representation theory'.
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Expert-level acoustics knowledge. Use when working with sound waves, acoustic propagation, resonance, standing waves, Doppler effect, room acoustics, ultrasound, noise control, musical acoustics, or architectural acoustics. Also use when the user mentions 'sound wave', 'decibel', 'frequency', 'resonance', 'standing wave', 'Doppler effect', 'acoustic impedance', 'reverberation', 'ultrasound', 'noise control', 'harmonics', or 'sound intensity'.
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Expert-level aerodynamics covering subsonic and supersonic flow, lift and drag, airfoil theory, boundary layers, compressible flow, and CFD methods.
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Expert-level aircraft structures covering structural design philosophy, wing and fuselage analysis, fatigue and damage tolerance, composite structures, and certification.
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Expert-level algorithms and complexity theory covering sorting, searching, graph algorithms, dynamic programming, greedy algorithms, NP-completeness, and algorithm design paradigms.
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Expert-level analytical chemistry knowledge. Use when working with chromatography, spectroscopy, electroanalytical methods, sample preparation, quantitative analysis, calibration, statistics, or instrumental analysis. Also use when the user mentions 'HPLC', 'GC', 'mass spectrometry', 'atomic absorption', 'ICP', 'titration', 'calibration curve', 'detection limit', 'NMR', 'chromatography', 'electrochemistry', 'sample preparation', or 'method validation'.
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