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analyzing-malicious-vbscript-and-wsf

Analyzes malicious VBScript, WSF, and HTA scripts: parsing WSF/HTA containers, decoding VBScript.Encode (#@~^) and string obfuscation, and identifying WScript.Shell/ActiveX abuse to recover dropper behavior. Activates for requests to analyze VBScript, decode a WSF/HTA, or investigate a Windows Script Host dropper.

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查看安装方法

包含的文件(4)

  • SKILL.md3.0 KB
  • LICENSE340 B
  • references/api-reference.md1.3 KB
  • scripts/analyst.py2.6 KB

SKILL.md(原文)

安装前可以查看交给 AI 代理的指令内容。

Analyzing Malicious VBScript and WSF

When to Use

  • You have a .vbs, .wsf, or .hta delivered via phishing and need its real behavior.
  • You must decode VBScript.Encode-obfuscated script (the #@~^ marker) or string obfuscation.
  • You are identifying WScript.Shell/ActiveX-based dropper actions and IOCs.

Do not use wscript/cscript/mshta to run the script for analysis — that executes the dropper. Decode and read it statically.

Prerequisites

  • A static decoder (Python) or a script sandbox; the sample handled inertly in the lab.

Safety & Handling

  • Never run the script with Windows Script Host (wscript/cscript/mshta).
  • Defang recovered URLs; store dropped payloads password-protected.

Workflow

Step 1: Parse the container

For WSF, parse the XML <job>/<script> elements (a WSF can bundle multiple languages). For HTA, separate the HTML wrapper from the <script> body.

python scripts/analyst.py analyze sample.wsf

Step 2: Decode VBScript.Encode

If you see the #@~^ header, decode the Microsoft Script Encoder stream back to source.

Step 3: Unroll string obfuscation

Resolve Chr()/Asc() builds, string concatenation, and Replace()-based deobfuscators to reveal commands and URLs.

Step 4: Identify dropper actions and IOCs

Find CreateObject("WScript.Shell"), Run/Exec, ADODB/MSXML download patterns, and PowerShell hand-offs; recover URLs/paths, defang, and route payloads onward.

Validation

  • WSF/HTA containers are decomposed into their script bodies (all jobs/languages).
  • VBScript.Encode streams are decoded to readable source.
  • Dropper actions and IOCs are recovered without executing the script.

Pitfalls

  • Executing with wscript/mshta to "see" behavior, infecting the host.
  • Missing one <script> block in a multi-job WSF.
  • Overlooking the #@~^ encoded section and analyzing only the cleartext stub.

References

  • See references/api-reference.md for the WSF/VBScript decoder.
  • Windows Script Host docs and the Script Encoder format (linked in frontmatter).

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