Apple Music Integration

Guide for integrating with Apple Music. Covers AppleScript (macOS), MusicKit API (cross-platform), and the critical library-first requirement.

When to Use

Invoke when users ask to:

• Manage playlists (create, add/remove tracks, list)
• Control playback (play, pause, skip, volume)
• Search catalog or library
• Add songs to library
• Access listening history or recommendations

Critical Rule: Library-First Workflow

You CANNOT add catalog songs directly to playlists.

Songs must be in the user's library first:

• ❌ Catalog ID → Playlist (fails)
• ✅ Catalog ID → Library → Playlist (works)

Why: Playlists use library IDs (i.abc123), not catalog IDs (1234567890).

This applies to both AppleScript and API approaches.

Platform Comparison

Feature	AppleScript (macOS)	MusicKit API
Setup required	None	Dev account + tokens
Playlist management	Full	API-created only
Playback control	Full	None
Catalog search	No	Yes
Library access	Instant	With tokens
Cross-platform	No	Yes

---

AppleScript (macOS)

Zero setup. Works immediately with the Music app.

Run via Bash:

osascript -e 'tell application "Music" to playpause'
osascript -e 'tell application "Music" to return name of current track'

Multi-line scripts:

osascript <<'EOF'
tell application "Music"
    set t to current track
    return {name of t, artist of t}
end tell
EOF

Available Operations

Category	Operations
Playback	play, pause, stop, resume, next track, previous track, fast forward, rewind
Player State	player position, player state, sound volume, mute, shuffle enabled/mode, song repeat
Current Track	name, artist, album, duration, time, rating, loved, disliked, genre, year, track number
Library	search, list tracks, get track properties, set ratings
Playlists	list, create, delete, rename, add tracks, remove tracks, get tracks
AirPlay	list devices, select device, current device

Track Properties (Read)

tell application "Music"
    set t to current track
    -- Basic info
    name of t           -- "Hey Jude"
    artist of t         -- "The Beatles"
    album of t          -- "1 (Remastered)"
    album artist of t   -- "The Beatles"
    composer of t       -- "Lennon-McCartney"
    genre of t          -- "Rock"
    year of t           -- 1968

    -- Timing
    duration of t       -- 431.0 (seconds)
    time of t           -- "7:11" (formatted)
    start of t          -- start time in seconds
    finish of t         -- end time in seconds

    -- Track info
    track number of t   -- 21
    track count of t    -- 27
    disc number of t    -- 1
    disc count of t     -- 1

    -- Ratings
    rating of t         -- 0-100 (20 per star)
    loved of t          -- true/false
    disliked of t       -- true/false

    -- Playback
    played count of t   -- 42
    played date of t    -- date last played
    skipped count of t  -- 3
    skipped date of t   -- date last skipped

    -- IDs
    persistent ID of t  -- "ABC123DEF456"
    database ID of t    -- 12345
end tell

Track Properties (Writable)

tell application "Music"
    set t to current track
    set rating of t to 80          -- 4 stars
    set loved of t to true
    set disliked of t to false
    set name of t to "New Name"    -- rename track
    set genre of t to "Alternative"
    set year of t to 1995
end tell

Player State Properties

tell application "Music"
    player state          -- stopped, playing, paused, fast forwarding, rewinding
    player position       -- current position in seconds (read/write)
    sound volume          -- 0-100 (read/write)
    mute                  -- true/false (read/write)
    shuffle enabled       -- true/false (read/write)
    shuffle mode          -- songs, albums, groupings
    song repeat           -- off, one, all (read/write)
    current track         -- track object
    current playlist      -- playlist object
    current stream URL    -- URL if streaming
end tell

Playback Commands

tell application "Music"
    -- Play controls
    play                          -- play current selection
    pause
    stop
    resume
    playpause                     -- toggle play/pause
    next track
    previous track
    fast forward
    rewind

    -- Play specific content
    play (first track of library playlist 1 whose name contains "Hey Jude")
    play user playlist "Road Trip"

    -- Settings
    set player position to 60     -- seek to 1:00
    set sound volume to 50        -- 0-100
    set mute to true
    set shuffle enabled to true
    set song repeat to all        -- off, one, all
end tell

Library Queries

tell application "Music"
    -- All library tracks
    every track of library playlist 1

    -- Search by name
    tracks of library playlist 1 whose name contains "Beatles"

    -- Search by artist
    tracks of library playlist 1 whose artist contains "Beatles"

    -- Search by album
    tracks of library playlist 1 whose album contains "Abbey Road"

    -- Combined search
    tracks of library playlist 1 whose name contains "Hey" and artist contains "Beatles"

    -- By genre
    tracks of library playlist 1 whose genre is "Rock"

    -- By year
    tracks of library playlist 1 whose year is 1969

    -- By rating
    tracks of library playlist 1 whose rating > 60  -- 3+ stars

    -- Loved tracks
    tracks of library playlist 1 whose loved is true

    -- Recently played (sort by played date)
    tracks of library playlist 1 whose played date > (current date) - 7 * days
end tell

Playlist Operations

tell application "Music"
    -- List all playlists
    name of every user playlist

    -- Get playlist
    user playlist "Road Trip"
    first user playlist whose name contains "Road"

    -- Create playlist
    make new user playlist with properties {name:"New Playlist", description:"My playlist"}

    -- Delete playlist
    delete user playlist "Old Playlist"

    -- Rename playlist
    set name of user playlist "Old Name" to "New Name"

    -- Get playlist tracks
    every track of user playlist "Road Trip"
    name of every track of user playlist "Road Trip"

    -- Add track to playlist (must be library track)
    set targetPlaylist to user playlist "Road Trip"
    set targetTrack to first track of library playlist 1 whose name contains "Hey Jude"
    duplicate targetTrack to targetPlaylist

    -- Remove track from playlist
    delete (first track of user playlist "Road Trip" whose name contains "Hey Jude")

    -- Playlist properties
    duration of user playlist "Road Trip"   -- total duration
    time of user playlist "Road Trip"       -- formatted duration
    count of tracks of user playlist "Road Trip"
end tell

AirPlay

tell application "Music"
    -- List AirPlay devices
    name of every AirPlay device

    -- Get current device
    current AirPlay devices

    -- Set output device
    set current AirPlay devices to {AirPlay device "Living Room"}

    -- Multiple devices
    set current AirPlay devices to {AirPlay device "Living Room", AirPlay device "Kitchen"}

    -- Device properties
    set d to AirPlay device "Living Room"
    name of d
    kind of d           -- computer, AirPort Express, Apple TV, AirPlay device, Bluetooth device
    active of d         -- true if playing
    available of d      -- true if reachable
    selected of d       -- true if in current devices
    sound volume of d   -- 0-100
end tell

String Escaping

Always escape user input:

def escape_applescript(s):
    return s.replace('\\', '\\\\').replace('"', '\\"')

safe_name = escape_applescript(user_input)
script = f'tell application "Music" to play user playlist "{safe_name}"'

Limitations

• No catalog access - only library content
• macOS only - no Windows/Linux

---

MusicKit API

Cross-platform but requires Apple Developer account ($99/year) and token setup.

Authentication

Requirements:

1. Apple Developer account
2. MusicKit key (.p8 file) from developer portal
3. Developer token (JWT, 180 day max)
4. User music token (browser OAuth)

Generate developer token:

import jwt, datetime

with open('AuthKey_XXXXXXXXXX.p8') as f:
    private_key = f.read()

token = jwt.encode(
    {
        'iss': 'TEAM_ID',
        'iat': int(datetime.datetime.now().timestamp()),
        'exp': int((datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(days=180)).timestamp())
    },
    private_key,
    algorithm='ES256',
    headers={'alg': 'ES256', 'kid': 'KEY_ID'}
)

Get user token: Browser OAuth to https://authorize.music.apple.com/woa

Headers for all requests:

Authorization: Bearer {developer_token}
Music-User-Token: {user_music_token}

Base URL: https://api.music.apple.com/v1

Available Endpoints

Catalog (Public - dev token only)

Endpoint	Method	Description
/catalog/{storefront}/search	GET	Search songs, albums, artists, playlists
/catalog/{storefront}/songs/{id}	GET	Song details
/catalog/{storefront}/albums/{id}	GET	Album details
/catalog/{storefront}/albums/{id}/tracks	GET	Album tracks
/catalog/{storefront}/artists/{id}	GET	Artist details
/catalog/{storefront}/artists/{id}/albums	GET	Artist's albums
/catalog/{storefront}/artists/{id}/songs	GET	Artist's top songs
/catalog/{storefront}/artists/{id}/related-artists	GET	Similar artists
/catalog/{storefront}/playlists/{id}	GET	Playlist details
/catalog/{storefront}/charts	GET	Top charts
/catalog/{storefront}/genres	GET	All genres
/catalog/{storefront}/search/suggestions	GET	Search autocomplete
/catalog/{storefront}/stations/{id}	GET	Radio station

Library (Requires user token)

Endpoint	Method	Description
/me/library/songs	GET	All library songs
/me/library/albums	GET	All library albums
/me/library/artists	GET	All library artists
/me/library/playlists	GET	All library playlists
/me/library/playlists/{id}	GET	Playlist details
/me/library/playlists/{id}/tracks	GET	Playlist tracks
/me/library/search	GET	Search library
/me/library	POST	Add to library
/catalog/{sf}/songs/{id}/library	GET	Get library ID from catalog ID

Playlist Management

Endpoint	Method	Description
/me/library/playlists	POST	Create playlist
/me/library/playlists/{id}/tracks	POST	Add tracks to playlist

Personalization

Endpoint	Method	Description
/me/recommendations	GET	Personalized recommendations
/me/history/heavy-rotation	GET	Frequently played
/me/recent/played	GET	Recently played
/me/recent/added	GET	Recently added

Ratings

Endpoint	Method	Description
/me/ratings/songs/{id}	GET	Get song rating
/me/ratings/songs/{id}	PUT	Set song rating
/me/ratings/songs/{id}	DELETE	Remove rating
/me/ratings/albums/{id}	GET/PUT/DELETE	Album ratings
/me/ratings/playlists/{id}	GET/PUT/DELETE	Playlist ratings

Storefronts

Endpoint	Method	Description
/storefronts	GET	All storefronts
/storefronts/{id}	GET	Storefront details
/me/storefront	GET	User's storefront

Common Query Parameters

Parameter	Description	Example
term	Search query	term=beatles
types	Resource types	types=songs,albums
limit	Results per page (max 25)	limit=10
offset	Pagination offset	offset=25
include	Related resources	include=artists,albums
extend	Additional attributes	extend=editorialNotes
l	Language code	l=en-US

Search Example

GET /v1/catalog/us/search?term=wonderwall&types=songs&limit=10

Response:
{
  "results": {
    "songs": {
      "data": [{
        "id": "1234567890",
        "type": "songs",
        "attributes": {
          "name": "Wonderwall",
          "artistName": "Oasis",
          "albumName": "(What's the Story) Morning Glory?",
          "durationInMillis": 258773,
          "releaseDate": "1995-10-02",
          "genreNames": ["Alternative", "Music"]
        }
      }]
    }
  }
}

Library-First Workflow (Complete)

Adding a catalog song to a playlist requires 4 API calls:

import requests

headers = {
    "Authorization": f"Bearer {dev_token}",
    "Music-User-Token": user_token
}

# 1. Search catalog
r = requests.get(
    "https://api.music.apple.com/v1/catalog/us/search",
    headers=headers,
    params={"term": "Wonderwall Oasis", "types": "songs", "limit": 1}
)
catalog_id = r.json()['results']['songs']['data'][0]['id']

# 2. Add to library
requests.post(
    "https://api.music.apple.com/v1/me/library",
    headers=headers,
    params={"ids[songs]": catalog_id}
)

# 3. Get library ID (catalog ID → library ID)
r = requests.get(
    f"https://api.music.apple.com/v1/catalog/us/songs/{catalog_id}/library",
    headers=headers
)
library_id = r.json()['data'][0]['id']

# 4. Add to playlist (library IDs only!)
requests.post(
    f"https://api.music.apple.com/v1/me/library/playlists/{playlist_id}/tracks",
    headers={**headers, "Content-Type": "application/json"},
    json={"data": [{"id": library_id, "type": "library-songs"}]}
)

Create Playlist

POST /v1/me/library/playlists
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "attributes": {
    "name": "Road Trip",
    "description": "Summer vibes"
  },
  "relationships": {
    "tracks": {
      "data": []
    }
  }
}

Ratings

# Love a song (value: 1 = love, -1 = dislike)
PUT /v1/me/ratings/songs/{id}
Content-Type: application/json

{"attributes": {"value": 1}}

Limitations

• No playback control - API cannot play/pause/skip
• Playlist editing - can only modify API-created playlists
• Token management - dev tokens expire every 180 days
• Rate limits - Apple enforces request limits

---

Common Mistakes

❌ Using catalog IDs in playlists:

# WRONG
json={"data": [{"id": "1234567890", "type": "songs"}]}

Fix: Add to library first, get library ID, then add.

❌ Playing catalog songs via AppleScript:

# WRONG
play track id "1234567890"

Fix: Song must be in library.

❌ Unescaped AppleScript strings:

# WRONG
name = "Rock 'n Roll"
script = f'tell application "Music" to play playlist "{name}"'

Fix: Escape quotes.

❌ Expired tokens: Dev tokens last 180 days max. Fix: Check expiration, handle 401 errors.

---

The Easy Way: mcp-applemusic

The mcp-applemusic MCP server handles all this complexity automatically: AppleScript escaping, token management, library-first workflow, ID conversions.

Install:

git clone https://github.com/epheterson/mcp-applemusic.git
cd mcp-applemusic && python3 -m venv venv && source venv/bin/activate
pip install -e .

Configure Claude Desktop:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "Apple Music": {
      "command": "/path/to/mcp-applemusic/venv/bin/python",
      "args": ["-m", "applemusic_mcp"]
    }
  }
}

On macOS, most features work immediately. For catalog features or Windows/Linux, see the repo README.

Manual	mcp-applemusic
4 API calls to add song	playlist(action="add", auto_search=True)
AppleScript escaping	Automatic
Token management	Automatic with warnings