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airflow-dag-patterns

Build Apache Airflow workflows for data pipelines and scheduled jobs. The skill guides task dependencies, retries, waiting for conditions, testing, and deployment, with patterns for tasks that can be safely rerun.

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Build production Apache Airflow DAGs with best practices for operators, sensors, testing, and deployment. Use when creating data pipelines, orchestrating workflows, or scheduling batch jobs.

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适用场景

  • Building scheduled data pipelines
  • Designing task order and dependencies
  • Implementing custom tasks and condition checks
  • Testing workflows and investigating failed runs

包含的文件(2)

  • SKILL.md3.1 KB
  • references/details.md11.1 KB

SKILL.md(原文)

安装前可以查看交给 AI 代理的指令内容。

Apache Airflow DAG Patterns

Production-ready patterns for Apache Airflow including DAG design, operators, sensors, testing, and deployment strategies.

When to Use This Skill

  • Creating data pipeline orchestration with Airflow
  • Designing DAG structures and dependencies
  • Implementing custom operators and sensors
  • Testing Airflow DAGs locally
  • Setting up Airflow in production
  • Debugging failed DAG runs

Core Concepts

1. DAG Design Principles

PrincipleDescription
IdempotentRunning twice produces same result
AtomicTasks succeed or fail completely
IncrementalProcess only new/changed data
ObservableLogs, metrics, alerts at every step

2. Task Dependencies

# Linear
task1 >> task2 >> task3

# Fan-out
task1 >> [task2, task3, task4]

# Fan-in
[task1, task2, task3] >> task4

# Complex
task1 >> task2 >> task4
task1 >> task3 >> task4

Quick Start

# dags/example_dag.py
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from airflow import DAG
from airflow.operators.python import PythonOperator
from airflow.operators.empty import EmptyOperator

default_args = {
    'owner': 'data-team',
    'depends_on_past': False,
    'email_on_failure': True,
    'email_on_retry': False,
    'retries': 3,
    'retry_delay': timedelta(minutes=5),
    'retry_exponential_backoff': True,
    'max_retry_delay': timedelta(hours=1),
}

with DAG(
    dag_id='example_etl',
    default_args=default_args,
    description='Example ETL pipeline',
    schedule='0 6 * * *',  # Daily at 6 AM
    start_date=datetime(2024, 1, 1),
    catchup=False,
    tags=['etl', 'example'],
    max_active_runs=1,
) as dag:

    start = EmptyOperator(task_id='start')

    def extract_data(**context):
        execution_date = context['ds']
        # Extract logic here
        return {'records': 1000}

    extract = PythonOperator(
        task_id='extract',
        python_callable=extract_data,
    )

    end = EmptyOperator(task_id='end')

    start >> extract >> end

Detailed patterns and worked examples

Detailed pattern documentation lives in references/details.md. Read that file when the navigation tier above is insufficient.

Best Practices

Do's

  • Use TaskFlow API - Cleaner code, automatic XCom
  • Set timeouts - Prevent zombie tasks
  • Use mode='reschedule' - For sensors, free up workers
  • Test DAGs - Unit tests and integration tests
  • Idempotent tasks - Safe to retry

Don'ts

  • Don't use depends_on_past=True - Creates bottlenecks
  • Don't hardcode dates - Use {{ ds }} macros
  • Don't use global state - Tasks should be stateless
  • Don't skip catchup blindly - Understand implications
  • Don't put heavy logic in DAG file - Import from modules

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