「therapy」の検索結果

This skill categorizes hypercalcemia of malignancy (HCM) severity using albumin‑adjusted serum calcium into mild (<12 mg/dL), moderate (12‑14 mg/dL), or severe (>14 mg/dL). Use it when a clinician needs to stage HCM to guide initial therapy choices, such as deciding between observation, IV bisphosphonate/denosumab, or calcitonin‑based combination regimens.

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Establishes age- and gender-specific blood pressure goals for pediatric patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) using published normative data to assess treatment adequacy and avoid over-treatment. Use when managing hypertension in children with PA to evaluate if BP is adequately controlled; triggers include pediatric PA hypertension, BP not normalized with glucocorticoid therapy, and need for age‑specific BP targets.

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Recommends initiating intravenous isotonic saline hydration as initial management for hypercalcemia of malignancy (HCM) while awaiting antiresorptive therapy, with fluid rate adjusted according to cardiac function. Triggered when a clinician encounters a patient with HCM (e.g., serum calcium >12 mg/dL, symptoms of hypercalcemia) and seeks immediate measures before specific drugs are available.

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The guideline suggests checking serum magnesium and phosphate levels and repleting if low in patients receiving antiresorptive therapy for hypercalcemia of malignancy. Clinicians should consider this when they note electrolyte abnormalities or inquire about supportive care during bisphosphonate or denosumab treatment.

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This skill advises regular visual examination of the mouth to monitor for osteonecrosis of the jaw and other dental issues in patients receiving antiresorptive agents. Trigger phrases include initiating bisphosphonate or denosumab therapy and requesting preventive dental care guidance.

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Recommends denosumab for adults with refractory or recurrent hypercalcemia of malignancy who have persistent or relapsed hypercalcemia despite intravenous bisphosphonate therapy. Triggered when a clinician observes recurrent hypercalcemia after bisphosphonate treatment or considers next‑line agents for HCM.

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Recommends initiating intravenous bisphosphonate or denosumab for adults with hypercalcemia of malignancy compared with no treatment. Use when a clinician asks about first‑line pharmacologic therapy for HCM or when deciding to start antiresorptive agents.

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Suggests considering mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists when benefits outweigh risks in pregnant or preconception PA patients with uncontrolled hypertension and hypokalemia. Triggered when standard therapy fails and clinicians ask 'Should I consider MRAs despite pregnancy?' or when assessing risk‑benefit of MRA use.

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Identifies patients with normokalemia and no adrenal tumors on CT who likely have bilateral PA and may proceed directly to medical therapy without AVS. Triggers include when a clinician notes normokalemia and clean adrenal CT and asks 'Is AVS necessary if I suspect bilateral disease?'

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Selects spironolactone as first-line mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist for bilateral primary aldosteronism, with eplerenone as an alternative when spironolactone–related adverse effects are problematic. Trigger phrases include 'confirmed bilateral PA on AVS', 'idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia', 'bilateral adrenal hyperplasia', 'glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism', and 'initiating medical therapy for bilateral adrenal disease'.

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Determines whether to recommend unilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomy or medical therapy with a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist for patients with confirmed unilateral PA (aldosterone-producing adenoma or unilateral adrenal hyperplasia). Triggered when discussing treatment options after confirming unilateral PA in a hypertensive patient with hypokalemia or resistant hypertension.

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Guides choice among spironolactone, eplerenone, and esaxerenone for primary aldosteronism based on comparative efficacy, safety, and patient-specific factors. Triggers include when initiating MRA therapy and asking 'Which MRA should I prescribe?' or considering switching agents due to adverse effects, cost, or need for potassium supplementation.

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Recommends mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists for all primary aldosteronism patients to prevent target organ damage, irrespective of blood pressure control or serum potassium levels. Triggered when a clinician encounters a PA patient with well‑controlled BP and normal K and wonders, 'Do I still need to treat with MRA?' or considers stopping therapy.

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This skill outlines monitoring glucocorticoid replacement in children with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) using clinical assessment of growth velocity, weight, blood pressure, and energy levels. Trigger when evaluating a child with PAI for adequacy of glucocorticoid therapy during routine follow-up.

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Initiates a 6‑month trial of DHEA replacement in women with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) who have persistent low libido, depressive symptoms, or low energy despite otherwise optimized glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid therapy. If the patient does not report a sustained beneficial effect after 6 months, discontinue DHEA.

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This skill outlines monitoring of mineralocorticoid replacement in primary adrenal insufficiency, focusing on clinical assessment of salt craving, postural hypotension, or edema alongside serum electrolyte measurements. It is initiated when evaluating patients on fludrocortisone therapy to ensure adequate dosing and avoid over- or under-replacement.

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Recommends initiating hydrocortisone replacement at a total starting dose of 8 mg/m2 body surface area per day, given in three or four divided doses, for children with confirmed primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI). Use when starting glucocorticoid therapy in pediatric PAI patients, adjusting the dose according to individual clinical response, growth, and need for stress coverage.

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Suggests using prednisolone 3–5 mg/d orally once or twice daily as a glucocorticoid alternative in primary adrenal insufficiency. Consider this option when evaluating glucocorticoid therapy, particularly in patients with reduced medication compliance.

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Determines whether to add a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (e.g., spironolactone or eplerenone) to glucocorticoid therapy in glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism when blood pressure fails to normalize with glucocorticoid alone. Triggered by persistent hypertension or inadequate BP control despite optimized glucocorticoid dosing in GRA patients.

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The Endocrine Society guideline recommends against routine hormonal monitoring of glucocorticoid replacement in primary adrenal insufficiency and advises adjusting therapy solely based on clinical response. Use when evaluating glucocorticoid dose adequacy, such as when patients report fatigue, weight loss, hypotension, or signs of Cushingoid over-replacement.

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Accounts for estrogen-induced elevation of total serum cortisol via increased corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) when evaluating adrenal reserve or hydrocortisone replacement adequacy. Triggered when assessing glucocorticoid adequacy in patients receiving estrogen therapy (e.g., oral estrogen replacement) or interpreting cortisol levels in estrogen-exposed individuals.

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Diagnose monogenic and syndromic obesity in children and adolescents using a structured step-by-step algorithm. Use this skill whenever a clinician suspects a genetic cause of obesity, asks about leptin deficiency, MC4R mutation, POMC deficiency, PCSK1 deficiency, leptin receptor deficiency, Bardet-Biedl syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, Alström syndrome, or any case of early-onset severe obesity with hyperphagia. Also trigger for questions about targeted pharmacotherapy including setmelanotide or metreleptin, or when to order a genomic obesity panel. Cross-references the NHS Genomic Test Finder skill to surface the relevant R-code once a diagnosis is reached.

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Select the right pharmacologic agent for a child aged 12+ with obesity using the CMAJ 2025 guideline — choosing between GLP-1 receptor agonists, metformin, or orlistat with monitoring guidance. Trigger when a clinician asks which medication to use for pediatric obesity, whether to start semaglutide or metformin in a child, or how to manage obesity pharmacologically in adolescents.

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Set absolute LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and ApoB treatment goals, PLUS percent LDL-C reduction, for a primary-prevention patient on lipid-lowering therapy per the re-introduced treatment goals in the 2026 ACC/AHA multisociety dyslipidaemia guideline. Covers goals by PREVENT-ASCVD category (low / borderline / intermediate / high), by CAC score, in severe hypercholesterolaemia / FH, in diabetes with multiple ASCVD risk factors, and the ApoB targets once LDL-C and non-HDL-C goals are met. Use when a clinician asks what LDL goal to aim for, LDL target for intermediate risk, non-HDL goal, ApoB target, dual goals on statin, patient at goal or not, how low should LDL go, statin not enough what next. Grounded in the 2026 ACC/AHA multisociety dyslipidaemia guideline.

日本語の概要は準備中です。原文の説明を表示しています。